Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27029524›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2016

Two-photon excited photoconversion of cyanine-based dyes.

Sheldon J J Kwok, Myunghwan Choi, Brijesh Bhayana, Xueli Zhang, Chongzhao Ran, Seok-Hyun Yun

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Bitopic AJournal of medicinal chemistry · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Thermal Truncation of Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Millisecond cellular labellingBiomedical optics express · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Sheldon J J KwokHarvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.
Myunghwan ChoiHarvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.
Brijesh BhayanaHarvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.
Xueli ZhangMolecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Building 149, 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, USA.
Chongzhao RanMolecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Building 149, 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, USA.
Seok-Hyun YunHarvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging · USHarvard University · USMassachusetts General Hospital · US

Funding

TRD3: Percutaneous and Interstitial ImagingP41EB015903 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Brett E Bouma · 2012 to 2026
$22.4M
Physics of collective cellular migration in lung health and diseaseP01HL120839 · NHLBI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI FREDBERG, JEFFREY J · 2014 to 2018
$12.2M
Bioluminecence-activated photodynamic therapy of breast cancerR01CA192878 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI YUN, SEOK-HYUN ANDY · 2015 to 2019
$2.3M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA192878NCI NIH HHS R01CA192878NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL120839NHLBI NIH HHS P01HL120839NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB015903NIBIB NIH HHS P41EB015903
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The advent of phototransformable fluorescent proteins has led to significant advances in optical imaging, including the unambiguous tracking of cells over large spatiotemporal scales. However, these proteins typically require activating light in the UV-blue spectrum, which limits their in vivo applicability due to poor light penetration and associated phototoxicity on cells and tissue. We report that cyanine-based, organic dyes can be efficiently photoconverted by nonlinear excitation at the near infrared (NIR) window. Photoconversion likely involves singlet-oxygen mediated photochemical cleavage, yielding blue-shifted fluorescent products. Using SYTO62, a biocompatible and cell-permeable dye, we demonstrate photoconversion in a variety of cell lines, including depth-resolved labeling of cells in 3D culture. Two-photon photoconversion of cyanine-based dyes offer several advantages over existing photoconvertible proteins, including use of minimally toxic NIR light, labeling without need for genetic intervention, rapid kinetics, remote subsurface targeting, and long persistence of photoconverted signal. These findings are expected to be useful for applications involving rapid labeling of cells deep in tissue.

Indexed as

AnimalsCarbocyaninesCell LineCell TrackingErythrocytesFluorescent DyesHeLa CellsHumansJurkat CellsLightMacrophagesMiceMicroscopy, Fluorescence, MultiphotonPhotochemical ProcessesSpectroscopy, Near-InfraredCarbocyaninesFluorescent Dyes

Identifiers

PMID27029524
PMCPMC4814926
OpenAlexW2322938696

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.