ArticleOncotarget2016
DNA promoter hypermethylation in nipple fluid: a potential tool for early breast cancer detection.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic value of RASSF1A methylation for breast cancer: a meta-analysis.Bioscience reports · 2019Pooled it
- Tumor and serum DNA methylation in women receiving preoperative chemotherapy with or without vorinostat in TBCRC008.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2018Trial
- Extracellular vesicles in nipple discharge for breast cancer screening.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Nipple aspirate fluid as a proximal breast liquid biopsy platform: advancing precision risk management in breast cancer.Clinical proteomics · 2026Review
- Construction and Validation of an N7-Methylguanosine-Related Prognostic Model for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Blood and lymphatic cancer : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Cell-Free DNA Bisulfite Sequencing Reveals Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Signatures for Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Nipple aspirate fluid and its use for the early detection of breast cancer.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Review
- Nipple Aspirate Fluid at a Glance.Cancers · 2021Review
- The changing microRNA landscape by color and cloudiness: a cautionary tale for nipple aspirate fluid biomarker analysis.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Automated and rapid detection of cancer in suspicious axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2021Article
- Article
- Breast health screening: a UK-wide questionnaire.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2021Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of a Nine-Gene Signature Related to Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- The Physiological MicroRNA Landscape in Nipple Aspirate Fluid: Differences and Similarities with Breast Tissue, Breast Milk, Plasma and Serum.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Role of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 (AKR1B1) in the cancer process and its therapeutic potential.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Review
- Article
- Application of Nipple Aspirate Fluid miRNA Profiles for Early Breast Cancer Detection and Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Liquid Biopsy as a Tool for Differentiation of Leiomyomas and Sarcomas of Corpus Uteri.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Value of the level of methylation of RASSF1A and WIF-1 in tissue and serum in neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic assessment for advanced breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNipple fluid aspiration provides direct non-invasive sampling of fluid from the mammary ductal system, where the majority of breast cancers originate. DNA promoter hypermethylation ("methylation") occurs early and at high frequency in breast carcinogenesis, bearing the potential as a biomarker for cancer detection at its earliest stages. We assessed methylation in nipple fluid from breasts of healthy women, of women with sporadic breast cancer and of their contralateral breasts. Our goal was to investigate whether nipple fluid can be used as a reliable methylation biomarker source. MATERIALS AND
methodsMethylation levels of 13 genes were analysed by quantitative multiplex-methylation specific PCR (QM-MSP) in nipple fluid samples from breasts of healthy women, and from the affected and contralateral breasts of breast cancer patients.
resultsMethylation analysis of the low-volume nipple fluid samples was feasible. Despite the generally low methylation levels, cancerous and healthy breasts nipple fluid could be discriminated with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.64 (p<0.01) based on a multivariate model including AKR1B1, ALX1, RASSF1A and TM6SF1. Within-patient differences between cancerous and contralateral nipple fluid samples were less prominent.
conclusionsCancerous nipple fluid contains increased levels of methylation of tumor suppressor genes that potentially could serve as a biomarker for early breast cancer detection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.