Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27025968›Full record

Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2016

Prevalence of Masked Hypertension and Its Association With Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in African Americans: Results From the Jackson Heart Study.

Nicole Redmond, John N Booth, Rikki M Tanner, Keith M Diaz, Marwah Abdalla, Mario Sims, Paul Muntner, Daichi Shimbo

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
9.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Disparities in Blood Pressure Measurement.Current hypertension reports · 2026
    Review
  4. Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Response to Orthostasis in Somali Americans.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Different Hypertensive Phenotypes According to the 2023 ESH Guidelines.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Higher blood pressure during light exercise is associated with increased left ventricular mass index in normotensive subjects.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2018
    Article
  19. An Update on Masked Hypertension.Current hypertension reports · 2017
    Review
  20. Masked hypertension-what lies ahead?Journal of human hypertension · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Nicole RedmondClinical Applications and Preventions Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Bethesda, MD nredmond@uab.edu.
John N BoothDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL.
Rikki M TannerDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL.
Keith M DiazDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.
Marwah AbdallaDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.
Mario SimsDepartment of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS.
Paul MuntnerDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL.
Daichi ShimboDepartment of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.
Columbia University Irving Medical Center · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · USNational Heart Lung and Blood Institute · USUniversity of Mississippi Medical Center · US

Funding

Social-biological predictors of heterogeneity in CVD risk in African AmericansP60MD002249 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI DIEZ ROUX, ANA VICTORIA, MENDES DE LEON, CARLOS F. · 2007 to 2016
$15.0M
Molecular and Soc. Determinants of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders in YouthU54MD008176 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI FOUAD, MONA N. · 2012 to 2016
$13.7M
Incorporation of a Hypertension Working Group into the Jackson Heart StudyR01HL117323 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LEWIS, CORA E, OGEDEGBE, OLUGBENGA G. · 2013 to 2024
$7.2M
JACKSON HEART STUDY--EXAM CENTERN01HC095171 · HC · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MEDICAL CENTER · PI JONES, DANIEL W · 1999 to 2001
$4.6M
UAB K12 in Patient Centered Outcomes ResearchK12HS023009 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI SAAG, KENNETH G · 2014 to 2018
$4.0M
Translational Research of Negative Emotions and Acute Endothelial DysfunctionR01HL116470 · NHLBI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SHIMBO, DAICHI · 2013 to 2017
$3.0M
Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research in Human HypertensionK24HL125704 · NHLBI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SHIMBO, DAICHI · 2015 to 2019
$573k
JACKSON HEART STUDY--TRAINING CENTERN01HC095172 · HC · TOUGALOO COLLEGE · PI SRINIVASAN, ASOKA · 1999 to 2001
$516k
JACKSON HEART STUDY-N01HC95170N01HC095170 · HC · JACKSON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI TAYLOR, HERMAN ALFRED · 1999 to 2006
$20k
AHRQ HHS K12 HS023009AHRQ HHS K12‐HS023009NHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL125704NHLBI NIH HHS K24‐HL125704NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95170NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95171NHLBI NIH HHS N01-HC-95172NHLBI NIH HHS P01-HL047540‐19S1NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL116470NHLBI NIH HHS R01‐HL116470‐02S1NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL117323NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL117323NHLBI NIH HHS R01‐HL117323‐02S2NIMHD NIH HHS P60 MD002249NIMHD NIH HHS P60MD002249NIMHD NIH HHS U54 MD008176NIMHD NIH HHS U54MD008176PHS HHS HHSN268201300046CPHS HHS HHSN268201300047CPHS HHS HHSN268201300048CPHS HHS HHSN268201300049CPHS HHS HHSN268201300050C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStudies consisting mostly of whites have shown that the prevalence of masked hypertension differs by prehypertension status. Using data from the Jackson Heart Study, an exclusively African American population-based cohort, we evaluated the association of masked hypertension and prehypertension with left ventricular mass index and common carotid intima media thickness. METHODS AND

resultsAt the baseline visit, clinic blood pressure (CBP) measurement and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were performed. Masked hypertension was defined as mean systolic/diastolic CBP <140/90 mm Hg and mean daytime systolic/diastolic ambulatory blood pressure ≥135/85 mm Hg. Clinic hypertension was defined as mean systolic/diastolic CBP ≥140/90 mm Hg. Normal CBP was defined as mean systolic/diastolic CBP <120/80 mm Hg and prehypertension as mean systolic/diastolic CBP 120 to 139/80 to 89 mm Hg. The analytic sample included 909 participants. Among participants with systolic/diastolic CBP <140/90 mm Hg, the prevalence of masked hypertension and prehypertension was 27.5% and 62.4%, respectively. The prevalence of masked hypertension among those with normal CBP and prehypertension was 12.9% and 36.3%, respectively. In a fully adjusted model, which included prehypertension status and antihypertensive medication use as covariates, left ventricular mass index was 7.94 g/m(2) lower among those without masked hypertension compared to participants with masked hypertension (P<0.001). Left ventricular mass index was also 4.77 g/m(2) lower among those with clinic hypertension, but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.068). There were no significant differences in left ventricular mass index between participants with and without masked hypertension, or clinic hypertension.

conclusionsMasked hypertension was common among African Americans with prehypertension and also normal CBP, and was associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanBlood PressureAgedAntihypertensive AgentsAsymptomatic DiseasesBlood Pressure Monitoring, AmbulatoryCarotid Artery DiseasesCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansHypertrophy, Left VentricularMaleMasked HypertensionMiddle AgedMississippiAntihypertensive Agentsblood pressurecardiovascular diseasesepidemiologyhypertension

Identifiers

PMID27025968
PMCPMC4943234
OpenAlexW2335166645

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.