ArticleMarine drugs2016
The Bacterial (Vibrio alginolyticus) Production of Tetrodotoxin in the Ribbon Worm Lineus longissimus-Just a False Positive?
Article in Marine drugs, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cooperative Chemical Biosynthesis of Tetrodotoxin: Evidence from Marine Microbial Contributors.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Substitutions Underlying Tetrodotoxin Resistance in Nemerteans: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Searching for Paralytic Toxin, Tetrodotoxin, in Swedish Bivalve Shellfish.Marine drugs · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Microbiota Between Tetrodotoxin-Containing and Tetrodotoxin-FreeMarine drugs · 2025Article
- Proteotranscriptomic Profiling of the Toxic Mucus ofToxins · 2024Article
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- Distribution of Tetrodotoxin in Pacific Oysters (Marine drugs · 2021Article
- Survey of Tetrodotoxin in New Zealand Bivalve Molluscan Shellfish over a 16-Month Period.Toxins · 2020Article
- Puffer Fish Gut Microbiota Studies Revealed Unique Bacterial Co-Occurrence Patterns and New Insights on Tetrodotoxin Producers.Marine drugs · 2020Article
- The Microbial Community of Tetrodotoxin-Bearing and Non-Tetrodotoxin-Bearing Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) from the Sea of Japan.Marine drugs · 2020Article
- The Toxins of Nemertean Worms.Toxins · 2019Review
- New Invasive Nemertean Species (Marine drugs · 2018Article
- Peptide ion channel toxins from the bootlace worm, the longest animal on Earth.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Tetrodotoxin-Producing Bacteria: Detection, Distribution and Migration of the Toxin in Aquatic Systems.Toxins · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We test previous claims that the bacteria Vibrio alginolyticus produces tetrodotoxin (TTX) when living in symbiosis with the nemertean Lineus longissimus by a setup with bacteria cultivation for TTX production. Toxicity experiments on the shore crab, Carcinus maenas, demonstrated the presence of a paralytic toxin, but evidence from LC-MS and electrophysiological measurements of voltage-gated sodium channel-dependent nerve conductance in male Wistar rat tissue showed conclusively that this effect did not originate from TTX. However, a compound of similar molecular weight was found, albeit apparently non-toxic, and with different LC retention time and MS/MS fragmentation pattern than those of TTX. We conclude that C. maenas paralysis and death likely emanate from a compound <5 kDa, and via a different mechanism of action than that of TTX. The similarity in mass between TTX and the Vibrio-produced low-molecular-weight, non-toxic compound invokes that thorough analysis is required when assessing TTX production. Based on our findings, we suggest that re-examination of some published claims of TTX production may be warranted.
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Registered trials
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