SynthesisEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2016
Predictors of persistence of ADHD into adulthood: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The role of comorbid childhood mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions in the persistence of ADHD symptoms: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of interventions to support adults with ADHD at work-Implications from the paucity of context-specific research for theory and practice.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- Shared genetic background between children and adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Amphetamines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Dextroamphetamine Transdermal System for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Results from a Pivotal Phase 2 Study.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- From childhood to adulthood: an attempt to model long-term outcomes of ADHD using machine learning.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Sex Bias in the Clinical Diagnosis of ADHD: A Critical Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Effects of repeated low-dose LSD on neuropsychological functioning in adults with ADHD: a randomized placebo-controlled study.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A comprehensive overview of the biological foundations of ADHD.Bioscience reports · 2026Review
- Shared genetic architecture between ADHD and intelligence varies across ADHD subtypes.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials Reveal Impairments in Vestibular Nerve Pathways in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Audiology research · 2026Article
- Screening-positive attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms among incarcerated individuals in Paraguay: prevalence, psychological correlates, and criminological context.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Pathological Insights into Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Perspectives for the Development of Novel Treatment Approaches.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Compliance of a Working Memory Multitasking Task Mobile Intervention for Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Single-Arm, Pre-Post Pilot Study.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- ADHD knowledge, perception and misconceptions among Sudanese elementary school teachers 2022.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with the Loss of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis in Children.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- ADHD, stress, and anxiety.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is traditionally conceptualized as a neurodevelopmental disorder that continues into adulthood in up to half of diagnosed cases. In light of current evidence, factors associated with the course of the disorder remain unknown. We performed a systematic review of the literature searching for risk markers from childhood that predicted the persistence of ADHD into adulthood. We reviewed 26,168 abstracts and selected 72 for full-text review. We identified data from 16 studies, comprising 6 population-based retrospective samples and 10 clinical follow-ups. We performed meta-analyses of factors evaluated by at least three studies. Severity of ADHD (OR 2.33, 95 % CI = 1.6-3.39, p < 0.001), treatment for ADHD (OR 2.09, 95 % CI = 1.04-4.18, p = 0.037), comorbid conduct disorder (OR 1.85, 95 % CI = 1.06-3.24, p = 0.030), and comorbid major depressive disorder (OR 1.8, 95 % CI = 1.1-2.95, p = 0.019) emerged as predictors already presented in childhood for ADHD persistence into adulthood. Further, we suggest that cohort studies should be designed to clarify such an important question for research and clinical practice.
Indexed as
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27021056What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.