Trial reportScientific reports2016
The impact of acute stress on hormones and cytokines, and how their recovery is affected by music-evoked positive mood.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 156 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Music on Cortisol Levels in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review.Nursing in critical care · 2026Pooled it
- Guideline
- Impact of music-based interventions on subjective well-being: a meta-analysis of listening, training, and therapy in clinical and nonclinical populations.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Only Small Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Biomarker Levels of Inflammation and Stress: A Preregistered Systematic Review and Two Three-Level Meta-Analyses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Music listening and stress recovery in healthy individuals: A systematic review with meta-analysis of experimental studies.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Music therapy supported the health-related quality of life for children undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplants.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2018Trial
- The Inflammaging-Redox-InflammamiR Axis in Metabolic Aging: From Diagnostic Clusters to Integrated Risk Phenotypes.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- The Long-Term Impact of Adolescent Community Weapon-Related Violence Exposure on Depression: Insomnia as a Mediating Pathway.Journal of community psychology · 2026Article
- Effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) pretreatment on white noise-induced stress model in rats.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- The Therapeutic Home Environment for Chronic Diseases: A Transdisciplinary Ecosystem for Achieving Migraine Freedom and Managing Comorbid Anxiety, Insomnia, and Chronic Pain.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- CO and NPflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Psychophysiological effects of low-frequency sound mediated by room size, room shape, and stimulus duration.Frontiers in cognition · 2026Article
- Peripheral catecholamine systems: an evolutionary perspective.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2025Review
- A Nostalgia Brain-Music Interface for enhancing nostalgia, well-being, and memory vividness in younger and older individuals.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Proposed Physiological and Neurobiological Mechanisms of Music's Effect, with a Focus on the Perioperative Period: Literature Evidence from Human, Canine and Feline Medicine.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Perceived stress, risk factors and prognostic monitoring loci for the development of depression.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Music therapy for the treatment of anxiety: a systematic review with multilevel meta-analyses.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Telecoaching and Music Therapy in Neurological Disorders: A Narrative Review and Proposal for a New Interventional Approach.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Context is Complex: Challenges and opportunities addressing contextual factors in manual therapy mechanisms research.International journal of osteopathic medicine : IJOM · 2025Article
- Home Environment as a Therapeutic Target for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases: Delivering Restorative Living Spaces, Patient Education and Self-Care by Bridging Biophilic Design, E-Commerce and Digital Health Technologies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stress and recovery from stress significantly affect interactions between the central nervous system, endocrine pathways, and the immune system. However, the influence of acute stress on circulating immune-endocrine mediators in humans is not well known. Using a double-blind, randomized study design, we administered a CO2 stress test to n = 143 participants to identify the effects of acute stress, and recovery from stress, on serum levels of several mediators with immune function (IL-6, TNF-α, leptin, and somatostatin), as well as on noradrenaline, and two hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones (ACTH and cortisol). Moreover, during a 1 h-recovery period, we repeatedly measured these serum parameters, and administered an auditory mood-induction protocol with positive music and a neutral control stimulus. The acute stress elicited increases in noradrenaline, ACTH, cortisol, IL-6, and leptin levels. Noradrenaline and ACTH exhibited the fastest and strongest stress responses, followed by cortisol, IL-6 and leptin. The music intervention was associated with more positive mood, and stronger cortisol responses to the acute stressor in the music group. Our data show that acute (CO2) stress affects endocrine, immune and metabolic functions in humans, and they show that mood plays a causal role in the modulation of responses to acute stress.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.