ArticleCancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)2016
Risk Stratification System for Oral Cancer Screening.
Article in Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep learning single-cell analysis for cytologic evaluation of oral potentially malignant disorders.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Oral Cancer Numerical Index (OCNI): Development and Validation of a Cytology-Based Risk Assessment for Oral Lesions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Advancements in Dental Science through Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2026Review
- Validation of salivary proteomic biomarkers for early detection of oral cancer in the Egyptian population.Future science OA · 2025Article
- Early identification of people at high risk of oral cancer-A review of existing risk prediction models.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Review
- Soluble CD44 in oral rinses for the early detection of cancer: a prospective cohort study in high-risk individuals.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- The prognostic value and immunological role of CD44 in pan-cancer study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Absolute Risk of Oropharyngeal Cancer After an HPV16-E6 Serology Test and Potential Implications for Screening: Results From the Human Papillomavirus Cancer Cohort Consortium.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2022Article
- Correlation of Soluble CD44 Expression in Saliva and CD44 Protein in Oral Leukoplakia Tissues.Cancers · 2021Article
- Current Insights into Oral Cancer Diagnostics.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Nuclear F-actin Cytology in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Journal of dental research · 2021Article
- Green Salad Intake Is Associated with Improved Oral Cancer Survival and Lower Soluble CD44 Levels.Nutrients · 2021Article
- New Insights into Oral Cancer-Risk Factors and Prevention: A Review of Literature.International journal of preventive medicine · 2020Review
- Implementation of a Precision Pathology Program Focused on Oncology-Based Prognostic and Predictive Outcomes.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2017Review
- Immunohistochemical expression of putative cancer stem cell markers aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, SOX2, CD44 and OCT4 in different grades of oral epithelial dysplasia.Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFPArticle
- Noncoding RNAs in oral cancer.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNAReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer (oral cancer) is a deadly disease that is increasing in incidence. Worldwide 5-year survival is only 50% due to delayed intervention with more than half of the diagnoses at stage III and IV, whereas earlier detection (stage I and II) yields survival rates up to 80% to 90%. Salivary soluble CD44 (CD44), a tumor-initiating marker, and total protein levels may facilitate oral cancer risk assessment and early intervention. This study used a hospital-based design with 150 cases and 150 frequency-matched controls to determine whether CD44 and total protein levels in oral rinses were associated with oral cancer independent of age, gender, race, ethnicity, tobacco and alcohol use, and socioeconomic status (SES). High-risk subjects receiving oral cancer prevention interventions as part of a community-based program (n = 150) were followed over 1 year to determine marker specificity and variation. CD44 ≥5.33 ng/mL was highly associated with case status [adjusted OR 14.489; 95% confidence interval (CI), 5.973-35.145; P < .0001, vs. reference group CD44 <2.22 ng/mL and protein <1.23 mg/mL]. Total protein aided prediction above CD44 alone. Sensitivity and specificity in the frequency-matched study was 80% and 48.7%, respectively. However, controls were not representative of the target screening population due, in part, to a high rate of prior cancer. In contrast, specificity in the high-risk community was 74% and reached 95% after annual retesting. Simple and inexpensive salivary CD44 and total protein measurements may help identify individuals at heightened risk for oral cancer from the millions who partake in risky behaviors. Cancer Prev Res; 9(6); 445-55. ©2016 AACR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.