ArticleInorganic chemistry2016
Gd3TCAS2: An Aquated Gd(3+)-Thiacalix[4]arene Sandwich Cluster with Extremely Slow Ligand Substitution Kinetics.
Article in Inorganic chemistry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multifunctional metal complex systems emerging from analytical chemistry for theranostic applications.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2025Review
- Selective arrangement of three types of calcium-terbium tetranuclear cores by a thiacalixarene ligand using thermodynamic and kinetic strategies.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Chemistry of MRI Contrast Agents: Current Challenges and New Frontiers.Chemical reviews · 2019Review
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In aqueous solution, Gd(3+) and thiacalix[4]arene-p-tetrasulfonate (TCAS) form the complex [Gd3TCAS2](7-), in which a trinuclear Gd(3+) core is sandwiched by two TCAS ligands. Acid-catalyzed dissociation reactions, as well as transmetalation and ligand exchange with physiological concentrations of Zn(2+) and phosphate, showed [Gd3TCAS2](7-) to be extremely inert compared to other Gd complexes. Luminescence lifetime measurements of the Tb analogue Tb3TCAS2 allowed estimation of the mean hydration number q to be 2.4 per Tb ion. The longitudinal relaxivity of [Gd3TCAS2](7-) (per Gd(3+)) was r1 = 5.83 mM(-1) s(-1) at 20 Hz (37 °C, pH 7.4); however, this relaxivity was limited by an extremely slow water exchange rate that was 5 orders of magnitude slower than the Gd(3+) aqua ion. Binding to serum albumin resulted in no relaxivity increase owing to the extremely slow water exchange kinetics. The slow dissociation and water exchange kinetics of [Gd3TCAS2](7-) can be attributed to the very rigid coordination geometry.
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