ArticleAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2016
Validation of the BETA-2 Score: An Improved Tool to Estimate Beta Cell Function After Clinical Islet Transplantation Using a Single Fasting Blood Sample.
Article in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03769298 (Conversion From Immediate Release Tacrolimus to Envarsus XR® in Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Recipients), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Conversion From Immediate Release Tacrolimus to Envarsus XR® in Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Recipients: Assessment of Functional, Safety and Quality of Life Outcomes (CIRTEN SPK)
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Defining Outcomes for β-cell Replacement Therapy in the Treatment of Diabetes: A Consensus Report on the Igls Criteria From the IPITA/EPITA Opinion Leaders Workshop.Transplantation · 2018Guideline
- A multi-centre study of belatacept and sirolimus for islet transplantation.Diabetologia · 2026Trial
- β-Cell Function Derived From Routine Clinical Measures Reports and Predicts Treatment Response to Immunotherapy in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2025Trial
- Targeting CXCR1/2 Does Not Improve Insulin Secretion After Pancreatic Islet Transplantation: A Phase 3, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Degree of islet function preservation and continuous glucose monitoring in individuals undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Islet Autotransplant Recipients Have Elevated Proinsulin-to-C-Peptide Ratios Supporting Metabolic Stress as a Cause of Islet Attrition.Diabetes · 2026Article
- Continuous glucose monitoring as a tool in early-stage type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- A UK key opinion leader perspective: Navigating the immunological and logistical transformation brought by stem cell-derived islets for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Review
- β-Cell Secretory Capacity Predicts Metabolic Outcomes Over 6 Years After Human Islet Transplantation.Diabetes · 2025Article
- Article
- One-Year HbA1c Predicts Long-Term Pancreas Graft Survival Following SPK Transplantation: A US Population Cohort Study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Article
- Current Challenges in Pancreas and Islet Transplantation: A Scoping Review.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Article
- Exploiting in silico modelling to enhance translation of liver cell therapies from bench to bedside.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2024Review
- Advancements and challenges in pancreatic islet transplantation: Insights from the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2024Article
- Status of islet transplantation and innovations to sustainable outcomes: novel sites, cell sources, and drug delivery strategies.Frontiers in transplantation · 2024Review
- Early Metabolic Measures Predict Long-term Insulin Independence in Recipients of Total Pancreatectomy and Islet Autotransplantation.Transplantation direct · 2024Article
- Islet cells in human type 1 diabetes: from recent advances to novel therapies - a symposium-based roadmap for future research.The Journal of endocrinology · 2023Review
- Association between primary graft function and 5-year outcomes of islet allogeneic transplantation in type 1 diabetes: a retrospective, multicentre, observational cohort study in 1210 patients from the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The beta score, a composite measure of beta cell function after islet transplantation, has limited sensitivity because of its categorical nature and requires a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT). We developed a novel score based on a single fasting blood sample. The BETA-2 score used stepwise forward linear regression incorporating glucose (in millimoles per liter), C-peptide (in nanomoles per liter), hemoglobin A1c (as a percentage) and insulin dose (U/kg per day) as continuous variables from the original beta score data set (n = 183 MMTTs). Primary and secondary analyses assessed the score's ability to detect glucose intolerance (90-min MMTT glucose ≥8 mmol/L) and insulin independence, respectively. A validation cohort of islet transplant recipients (n = 114 MMTTs) examined 12 mo after transplantation was used to compare the score's ability to detect these outcomes. The BETA-2 score was expressed as follows (range 0-42): [Formula: see text] A score <20 and ≥15 detected glucose intolerance and insulin independence, respectively, with >82% sensitivity and specificity. The BETA-2 score demonstrated greater discrimination than the beta score for these outcomes (p < 0.05). Using a fasting blood sample, the BETA-2 score estimates graft function as a continuous variable and shows greater discrimination of glucose intolerance and insulin independence after transplantation versus the beta score, allowing frequent assessments of graft function. Studies examining its utility to track long-term graft function are required.
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