ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2016
Defining Viral Defective Ribosomal Products: Standard and Alternative Translation Initiation Events Generate a Common Peptide from Influenza A Virus M2 and M1 mRNAs.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond Sequence: Posttranslational Remodeling of Antigens in Autoimmunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- CTG-Initiated Cryptic Peptide Translation Up- and Downstream of a Canonical ATG Start Codon Is Enhanced by TLR Stimulation and Induces Tumor Regression in Mice.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
- Pan-viral ORFs discovery using massively parallel ribosome profiling.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Unveiling conserved HIV-1 open reading frames encoding T cell antigens using ribosome profiling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Non-mutational neoantigens in disease.Nature immunology · 2024Review
- Unconventionally presenting an unconventional viral peptide.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Cryptic MHC-E epitope from influenza elicits a potent cytolytic T cell response.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- The Hidden Enemy Within: Non-canonical Peptides in Virus-Induced Autoimmunity.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Accessory Gene Products of Influenza A Virus.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Know thy immune self and non-self: Proteomics informs on the expanse of self and non-self, and how and where they arise.Proteomics · 2021Review
- Article
- Alternative splicing: Human disease and quantitative analysis from high-throughput sequencing.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Review
- The Effect of Interferons on Presentation of Defective Ribosomal Products as HLA Peptides.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2021Article
- Kinetically distinct processing pathways diversify the CD8Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Influenza A Virus Infection Induces Viral and Cellular Defective Ribosomal Products Encoded by Alternative Reading Frames.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Flu DRiPs in MHC Class I Immunosurveillance.Virologica Sinica · 2019Review
- Ribosomal Proteins Regulate MHC Class I Peptide Generation for Immunosurveillance.Molecular cell · 2019Article
- Comprehensive profiling of translation initiation in influenza virus infected cells.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Influenza A Virus Negative Strand RNA Is Translated for CD8Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Exploiting non-canonical translation to identify new targets for T cell-based cancer immunotherapy.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza A virus gene segment 7 encodes two proteins: the M1 protein translated from unspliced mRNA and the M2 protein produced by mRNA splicing and largely encoded by the M1 +1 reading frame. To better understand the generation of defective ribosomal products relevant to MHC class I Ag presentation, we engineered influenza A virus gene segment 7 to encode the model H-2 K(b) class I peptide ligand SIINFEKL at the M2 protein C terminus. Remarkably, after treating virus-infected cells with the RNA splicing inhibitor spliceostatin A to prevent M2 mRNA generation, K(b)-SIINFEKL complexes were still presented on the cell surface at levels ≤60% of untreated cells. Three key findings indicate that SIINFEKL is produced by cytoplasmic translation of unspliced M1 mRNA initiating at CUG codons within the +1 reading frame: 1) synonymous mutation of CUG codons in the M2-reading frame reduced K(b)-SIINFEKL generation; 2) K(b)-SIINFEKL generation was not affected by drug-mediated inhibition of AUG-initiated M1 synthesis; and 3) K(b)-SIINFEKL was generated in vitro and in vivo from mRNA synthesized in the cytoplasm by vaccinia virus, and hence cannot be spliced. These findings define a viral defective ribosomal product generated by cytoplasmic noncanonical translation and demonstrate the participation of CUG-codon-based translation initiation in pathogen immunosurveillance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.