ArticleInternational journal of cancer2016
Smoking in pregnancy and risk of cancer among young children: A population-based study.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors of neuroblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal smoking, consumption of alcohol, and caffeinated beverages during pregnancy and the risk of childhood brain tumors: a meta-analysis of observational studies.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Risk factors for childhood brain tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies from 1976 to 2022.Cancer epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Parental Age and Childhood Lymphoma and Solid Tumor Risk: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2022Pooled it
- Association between Outdoor Air Pollution and Childhood Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.Environmental health perspectives · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Environmental and Occupational Risk Factors for Retinoblastoma.AJPM focus · 2026Review
- Maternal smoking and risk of childhood cancer: a report from the Childhood Cancer and Leukemia International Consortium.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Paternal exposure to hydrocarbon solvents in the workplace and cancer risk in children and adolescents.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Influence of Social and Demographic Factors on Retinoblastoma Outcomes in the United States: A Systematic Review.Cochrane evidence synthesis and methods · 2026Review
- Childhood cancer risk in offspring of mothers occupationally exposed to hydrocarbon solvents.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2026Article
- An untargeted metabolome-wide association study of maternal perinatal tobacco smoking in newborn blood spots.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Article
- Impact of maternal and offspring smoking and breastfeeding on oesophageal cancer in adult offspring.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Environmental risk factors of Wilms tumour: A systematic review and meta-analysis.EJC paediatric oncology · 2024Review
- A prediction model for classifying maternal pregnancy smoking using California state birth certificate information.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2024Article
- Mortality of central nervous system tumors in pediatric patients of Brazil from 1979 to 2019.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2023Article
- Parental occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust in relation to childhood leukaemia and central nervous system cancers: a register-based nested case-control study in Denmark 1968-2016.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2019Article
- Unequal Cumulative Incidence and Mortality Outcome in Childhood Brain and Central Nervous System Malignancy in the USA.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2018Article
- Residential Pesticide Exposures in Pregnancy and the Risk of Sporadic Retinoblastoma: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group.American journal of ophthalmology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Smoking during pregnancy is a plausible risk factor for childhood cancer, yet previous studies have yielded conflicting results, and few prospective studies have been published. Data on maternal smoking were obtained from California birth certificates. We linked California birth certificates (births 2007-2011) with California Cancer Registry records for childhood cancer cases (diagnosed January 2007-September 2013) that were ages 5 or younger at diagnosis (N cases = 2,021). Controls (N = 40,356) were frequency-matched by birth year and randomly selected from birth certificate records. We used unconditional logistic regression to obtain odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the association between smoking during pregnancy and childhood cancer. We observed positive associations for gliomas (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0-3.4) and retinoblastoma (OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.4-6.6), particularly bilateral retinoblastoma (OR = 9.4, 95% CI 3.6-24.7) with maternal smoking in pregnancy. Maternal smoking during pregnancy may be a risk factor for retinoblastoma and certain types of childhood brain tumors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.