ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2016
Coordinated Changes in Gene Expression Throughout Encystation of Giardia intestinalis.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Identifying Molecular Changes inDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mlf mediates proteotoxic response via formation of cellular foci for protein folding and degradation in Giardia.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Giardia telomeres and telomerase.Parasitology research · 2024Review
- Encystation stimuli sensing is mediated by adenylate cyclase AC2-dependent cAMP signaling in Giardia.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Metabolomics analysis reveals changes related to pseudocyst formation induced by iron depletion in Trichomonas vaginalis.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- The Exosome-like Vesicles ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Identification of target genes regulated by encystation-induced transcription factor Myb2 using knockout mutagenesis in Giardia lamblia.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Giardia intestinalis thymidine kinase is a high-affinity enzyme crucial for DNA synthesis and an exploitable target for drug discovery.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2022Article
- A cell-cycle-dependent GARP-like transcriptional repressor regulates the initiation of differentiation inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Precise gene models using long-read sequencing reveal a unique poly(A) signal inRNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Efficient CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene disruption in the tetraploid protistOpen biology · 2022Article
- Characterization of Metronidazole-ResistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- A Detailed Gene Expression Map ofGenes · 2021Article
- Identification of Actin Filament-Associated Proteins in Giardia lamblia.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Staging Encystation Progression inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Eukaryote-Conserved Methylarginine Is Absent in Diplomonads and Functionally Compensated in Giardia.Molecular biology and evolution · 2020Article
- The compact genome ofMicrobial genomics · 2020Article
- High Cysteine Membrane Proteins (HCMPs) Are Up-Regulated DuringFrontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Recent advances in functional research in Giardia intestinalis.Advances in parasitology · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Differentiation into infectious cysts through the process of encystation is crucial for transmission and survival of the intestinal protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis. Hitherto the majority of studies have focused on the early events, leaving late encystation poorly defined. In order to further study encystation, focusing on the later events, we developed a new encystation protocol that generates a higher yield of mature cysts compared to standard methods. Transcriptome changes during the entire differentiation from trophozoites to cysts were thereafter studied using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). A high level of periodicity was observed for up- and down-regulated genes, both at the level of the entire transcriptome and putative regulators. This suggests the trajectory of differentiation to be coordinated through developmentally linked gene regulatory activities. Our study identifies a core of 13 genes that are consistently up-regulated during initial encystation. Of these, two constitute previously uncharacterized proteins that we were able to localize to a new type of encystation-specific vesicles. Interestingly, the largest transcriptional changes were seen in the late phase of encystation with the majority of the highly up-regulated genes encoding hypothetical proteins. Several of these were epitope-tagged and localized to further characterize these previously unknown genetic components of encystation and possibly excystation. Finally, we also detected a switch of variant specific surface proteins (VSPs) in the late phase of encystation. This occurred at the same time as nuclear division and DNA replication, suggesting a potential link between the processes.
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