ArticlePloS one2016
Twin Peaks: A/H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Virus Infection and Vaccination in Norway, 2009-2010.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mathematical modeling for estimating influenza vaccine efficacy: A case study of the Valencian Community, Spain.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2024Article
- Narcolepsy and H1N1 influenza immunology a decade later: What have we learned?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Vaccine safety issues at the turn of the 21st century.BMJ global health · 2021Review
- Influenza vaccination and risk for cardiovascular events: a nationwide self-controlled case series study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Article
- Meeting report narcolepsy and pandemic influenza vaccination: What we know and what we need to know before the next pandemic? A report from the 2nd IABS meeting.Biologicals : journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization · 2019Article
- Pandemic influenza and subsequent risk of type 1 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.Diabetologia · 2018Article
- Narcolepsy Associated with Pandemrix Vaccine.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundVaccination campaigns against A/H1N1 2009 pandemic influenza virus (A/H1N1p) began in autumn 2009 in Europe, after the declaration of the pandemic at a global level. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of individuals vaccinated against A/H1N1p in Norway who were already infected (asymptomatically or symptomatically) by A/H1N1p before vaccination, using a mathematical model.
methodsA dynamic, mechanistic, mathematical model of A/H1N1p transmission was developed for the Norwegian population. The model parameters were estimated by calibrating the model-projected number of symptomatic A/H1N1p cases to the number of laboratory-confirmed A/H1N1p cases reported to the surveillance system, accounting for potential under-reporting. It was assumed in the base case that the likelihood of vaccination was independent of infection/disease state. A sensitivity analysis explored the effects of four scenarios in which current or previous symptomatic A/H1N1p infection would influence the likelihood of being vaccinated.
resultsThe number of model-projected symptomatic A/H1N1p cases by week during the epidemic, accounting for under-reporting and timing, closely matched that of the laboratory-confirmed A/H1N1p cases reported to the surveillance system. The model-projected incidence of symptomatic A/H1N1p infection was 27% overall, 55% in people <10 years old and 41% in people 10-20 years old. The model-projected percentage of individuals vaccinated against A/H1N1p who were already infected with A/H1N1p before being vaccinated was 56% overall, 62% in people <10 years old and 66% in people 10-20 years old. The results were sensitive to assumptions about the independence of vaccination and infection; however, even when current or previous symptomatic A/H1N1p infection was assumed to reduce the likelihood of vaccination, the estimated percentage of individuals who were infected before vaccination remained at least 32% in all age groups.
conclusionThis analysis suggests that over half the people vaccinated against A/H1N1p in Norway during the 2009 pandemic may already have been infected by A/H1N1p before being vaccinated.
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