ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2016
Detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii by Quantitative PCR To Differentiate Colonization and Pneumonia in Immunocompromised HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic tests performance in detecting Pneumocystis jirovecii: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- The prevalence of laboratory-confirmed Pneumocystis jirovecii in HIV-infected adults in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medical mycology · 2021Pooled it
- The future of fungal diagnostics: What's next in laboratory testing for invasive fungal infection?Medical mycology · 2026Review
- Article
- Biomarkers in Invasive Pulmonary Fungal Infections: Where Do We Stand?Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effects of adjunctive corticosteroids therapy in Non-HIV Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a real-world multicenter cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pneumocystis pneumonia in older non-HIV-infected patients: a French, multicentre, retrospective, cohort study.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2025Article
- Advances in pathogen detection ofInfectious medicine · 2025Review
- Standardization and Clinical Evaluation of a Real-Time PCR Assay for the Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia.Mycopathologia · 2025Article
- Significance of positive semi-quantitative PCR tests on bronchoalveolar lavage for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-negative immunocompromised ICU patients with acute respiratory failure.Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- Article
- The Role of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Quantification Cycle Values in the Diagnosis ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- CRISPR-mediated detection of Pneumocystis transcripts in bronchoalveolar, oropharyngeal, and serum specimens for Pneumocystis pneumonia diagnosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Pneumocystis jirovecii is a potential pivotal ecological driver contributing to shifts in microbial equilibrium during the early-life lower airway microbiome assembly.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia: The Potential of KEX1, MSG1, and MSG2 as Key Antigens in Cytokine Release Assays.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Combined multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based targeted next-generation sequencing and serum 1, 3-β-D-glucan for differential diagnosis ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- A Systematic Literature Review to Determine Gaps in Diagnosing Suspected Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Development of a clinical risk score for the prediction of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in hospitalised patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Identifying optimal serum 1,3-β-D-Glucan cut-off for diagnosing Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in non-HIV patients in the intensive care unit.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Pneumocystis pneumonia in intensive care: clinical spectrum, prophylaxis patterns, antibiotic treatment delay impact, and role of corticosteroids. A French multicentre prospective cohort study.Intensive care medicine · 2024Observational
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an acute and life-threatening lung disease caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii The presentation of PCP in HIV-positive patients is well-known and consists of a triad of dyspnea, fever, and cough, whereas the presentation of PCP in HIV-negative patients is atypical and consists of a sudden outbreak, O2 desaturation, and a rapid lethal outcome without therapy. Despite the availability of direct and indirect identification methods, the diagnosis of PCP remains difficult. The cycle threshold (CT) values obtained by quantitative PCR (qPCR) allow estimation of the fungal burden. The more elevated that the fungal burden is, the higher the probability that the diagnosis is pneumonia. The purposes of the present study were to evaluate the CT values to differentiate colonization and pneumonia in a population of immunocompromised patients overall and patients stratified on the basis of their HIV infection status. Testing of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples from the whole population of qPCR-positive patients showed a mean CT value for patients with PCP of 28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 26 to 30) and a mean CT value for colonized patients of 35 (95% CI, 34 to 36) (P < 10(-3)). For the subgroup of HIV-positive patients, we demonstrated that a CT value below 27 excluded colonization and a CT value above 30 excluded PCP with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 80%, respectively. In the subgroup of HIV-negative patients, we demonstrated that a CT value below 31 excluded colonization and a CT value above 35 excluded PCP with a specificity of 80% and a sensitivity of 80%, respectively. Thus, qPCR of BAL fluid samples is an important tool for the differentiation of colonization and pneumonia in P. jirovecii-infected immunocompromised patients and patients stratified on the basis of HIV infection status with different CT values.
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