Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27008346›Full record

ArticleBiomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology2016

A homogenized constrained mixture (and mechanical analog) model for growth and remodeling of soft tissue.

C J Cyron, R C Aydin, J D Humphrey

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. A continuum model for tissues with moderate cell density.Computers in biology and medicine · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Continuum Growth Mechanics: Reconciling Two Common Frameworks.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2024
    Article
  15. Guidelines for mechanistic modeling and analysis in cardiovascular research.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. A Fluid-Solid-Growth Solver for Cardiovascular Modeling.Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

C J CyronInstitute for Computational Mechanics, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany. cyron@lnm.mw.tum.de.
R C AydinInstitute for Computational Mechanics, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
J D HumphreyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

Funding

Biomechanical Simulation of Evolving Aortic Aneurysms for Designing InterventionR01HL086418 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HUMPHREY, JAY D. · 2008 to 2017
$3.8M
Mechanisms Underlying The Progression of Large Artery Stiffness in HypertensionR01HL105297 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI FIGUEROA, CARLOS ALBERTO, HUMPHREY, JAY D. · 2010 to 2019
$3.0M
Multiscale, Multiphysics Model of Thrombus Biomechanics in Aortic DissectionU01HL116323 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HUMPHREY, JAY D., KARNIADAKIS, GEORGE · 2013 to 2017
$2.4M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL086418NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL105297NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL116323
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most mathematical models of the growth and remodeling of load-bearing soft tissues are based on one of two major approaches: a kinematic theory that specifies an evolution equation for the stress-free configuration of the tissue as a whole or a constrained mixture theory that specifies rates of mass production and removal of individual constituents within stressed configurations. The former is popular because of its conceptual simplicity, but relies largely on heuristic definitions of growth; the latter is based on biologically motivated micromechanical models, but suffers from higher computational costs due to the need to track all past configurations. In this paper, we present a temporally homogenized constrained mixture model that combines advantages of both classical approaches, namely a biologically motivated micromechanical foundation, a simple computational implementation, and low computational cost. As illustrative examples, we show that this approach describes well both cell-mediated remodeling of tissue equivalents in vitro and the growth and remodeling of aneurysms in vivo. We also show that this homogenized constrained mixture model suggests an intimate relationship between models of growth and remodeling and viscoelasticity. That is, important aspects of tissue adaptation can be understood in terms of a simple mechanical analog model, a Maxwell fluid (i.e., spring and dashpot in series) in parallel with a "motor element" that represents cell-mediated mechanoregulation of extracellular matrix. This analogy allows a simple implementation of homogenized constrained mixture models within commercially available simulation codes by exploiting available models of viscoelasticity.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalOrganogenesisStress, MechanicalBiomechanical PhenomenaHumansAdaptationAneurysmComputational modelingTissue equivalentsViscoelasticity

Identifiers

PMID27008346
PMCPMC8378243

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.