ArticleVaccine2016
Sterile inflammation induced by Carbopol elicits robust adaptive immune responses in the absence of pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
Article in Vaccine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Article
- Polymer Chemistry Defines Adjuvant Properties and Determines the Immune Response against the Antigen or Vaccine.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Immunogenicity of a freeze-dried combined vaccine against Rift Valley fever and bovine ephemeral fever in cattle.Open veterinary journal · 2023Article
- An inventory of adjuvants used for vaccination in horses: the past, the present and the future.Veterinary research · 2023Review
- Long-term follow-up of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specific immunity in vaccinated pigs.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- Vaccine adjuvants to engage the cross-presentation pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Transfer of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specific cell mediated immunity to neonatal piglets.Veterinary research · 2021Article
- Carbomer-based adjuvant elicits CD8 T-cell immunity by inducing a distinct metabolic state in cross-presenting dendritic cells.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- A potent novel vaccine adjuvant based on straight polyacrylate.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2020Article
- Improvements to the live-attenuated Newcastle disease virus vaccine using CarbopolVeterinary world · 2020Article
- Imaging Flow Cytometry Protocols for Examining Phagocytosis of Microplastics and Bioparticles by Immune Cells of Aquatic Animals.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Rational Design and In Vivo Characterization of Vaccine Adjuvants.ILAR journal · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Carbopol is a polyanionic carbomer used in man for topical application and drug delivery purposes. However parenteral administration of Carbopol in animal models results in systemic adjuvant activity including strong pro-inflammatory type-1 T-cell (Th1) polarization. Here we investigated potential pathways of immune activation by Carbopol by comparison with other well-characterized adjuvants. Carbopol administration triggered rapid and robust leukocyte recruitment, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and antigen capture largely by inflammatory monocytes. The induction of antigen specific Th1 cells by Carbopol was found to occur via a non-canonical pathway, independent of MyD88/TRIF signaling and in the absence of pattern-recognition-receptor (PRR) activation typically associated with Th1/Ig2a induction. Using multispectral fluorescence imaging (Imagestream) and electron microscopy we demonstrated that phagocytic uptake of Carbopol particles followed by entry into the phagosomal/lysosomal pathway elicited conformational changes to the polymer and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We therefore conclude that Carbopol may mediate its adjuvant activity via novel mechanisms of antigen presenting cell activation and Th1 induction, leading to enhanced IgG2a responses independent of microbial pattern recognition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.