Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27003299›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2016

Female Reproductive Disorders, Diseases, and Costs of Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the European Union.

Patricia A Hunt, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Paul A Fowler, Leonardo Trasande

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
40.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 200 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Global Burden of Disease from Environmental Factors.Annual review of public health · 2025
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  8. Review
  9. Impact of trypanosomiasis on male camel infertility.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
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  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Nutritional interventions to ameliorate the effect of endocrine disruptors on human reproductive health: A semi-structured review from FIGO.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2022
    Review
  16. Review
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  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Patricia A HuntSchool of Molecular Biosciences (P.A.H.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145; Department of Pediatrics (S.S.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98145; Division of Applied Medicine (P.A.F.), Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; New York University (NYU) School of Medicine (L.T.), New York, New York 10016; NYU Wagner School of Public Service (L.T.), New York, New York 10012; and Education and Human Development (L.T.), Department of Nutrition, Food and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture New York, New York, New York 10013; NYU College of Global Public Health (L.T.), New York University, New York, New York 10003.
Sheela SathyanarayanaSchool of Molecular Biosciences (P.A.H.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145; Department of Pediatrics (S.S.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98145; Division of Applied Medicine (P.A.F.), Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; New York University (NYU) School of Medicine (L.T.), New York, New York 10016; NYU Wagner School of Public Service (L.T.), New York, New York 10012; and Education and Human Development (L.T.), Department of Nutrition, Food and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture New York, New York, New York 10013; NYU College of Global Public Health (L.T.), New York University, New York, New York 10003.
Paul A FowlerSchool of Molecular Biosciences (P.A.H.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145; Department of Pediatrics (S.S.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98145; Division of Applied Medicine (P.A.F.), Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; New York University (NYU) School of Medicine (L.T.), New York, New York 10016; NYU Wagner School of Public Service (L.T.), New York, New York 10012; and Education and Human Development (L.T.), Department of Nutrition, Food and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture New York, New York, New York 10013; NYU College of Global Public Health (L.T.), New York University, New York, New York 10003.
Leonardo TrasandeSchool of Molecular Biosciences (P.A.H.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145; Department of Pediatrics (S.S.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98145; Division of Applied Medicine (P.A.F.), Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; New York University (NYU) School of Medicine (L.T.), New York, New York 10016; NYU Wagner School of Public Service (L.T.), New York, New York 10012; and Education and Human Development (L.T.), Department of Nutrition, Food and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture New York, New York, New York 10013; NYU College of Global Public Health (L.T.), New York University, New York, New York 10003.
University of Aberdeen · GBUniversity of Washington · USWagner College · USWashington State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextA growing body of evidence suggests that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) contribute to female reproductive disorders.

objectiveTo calculate the associated combined health care and economic costs attributable to specific EDC exposures within the European Union (EU).

designAn expert panel evaluated evidence for probability of causation using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change weight-of-evidence characterization. Exposure-response relationships and reference levels were evaluated, and biomarker data were organized from carefully identified studies from the peer-reviewed literature to represent European exposure and approximate burden of disease as it occurred in 2010. Cost-of-illness estimation used multiple peer-reviewed sources. SETTING, PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS AND

interventionCost estimation was carried out from a societal perspective, ie, including direct costs (eg, treatment costs) and indirect costs such as productivity loss.

resultsThe most robust EDC-related data for female reproductive disorders exist for 1) diphenyldichloroethene-attributable fibroids and 2) phthalate-attributable endometriosis in Europe. In both cases, the strength of epidemiological evidence was rated as low and the toxicological evidence as moderate, with an assigned probability of causation of 20%–39%. Across the EU, attributable cases were estimated to be 56 700 and 145 000 women, respectively, with total combined economic and health care costs potentially reaching €163 million and €1.25 billion.

conclusionsEDCs (diphenyldichloroethene and phthalates) may contribute substantially to the most common reproductive disorders in women, endometriosis and fibroids, costing nearly €1.5 billion annually. These estimates represent only EDCs for which there were sufficient epidemiologic studies and those with the highest probability of causation. These public health costs should be considered as the EU contemplates regulatory action on EDCs.

Indexed as

AdultCost of IllnessEndocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental PollutantsEuropean UnionFemaleGenital Diseases, FemaleHumansYoung AdultEndocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental Pollutants

Identifiers

PMID27003299
PMCPMC4880176
OpenAlexW2228343898

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.