ArticleAIDS care2016
Exposure to violence and psychological well-being over time in children affected by HIV/AIDS in South Africa and Malawi.
Article in AIDS care, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical punishment and lifelong outcomes in low‑ and middle‑income countries: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.Nature human behaviour · 2025Pooled it
- The Relationship Between Negative Self-Concept, Trauma, and Maltreatment in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: A Systematic Review on Psychological Well-Being and Association with School Performances in Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Violence Exposure and Mental Health Problems Among School-Aged Children in a South African Birth Cohort.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The next 1000 days: building on early investments for the health and development of young children.Lancet (London, England) · 2024Review
- Gender-based violence and femicide interventions-perspectives from community members and activists in South Africa.Frontiers in global women's health · 2024Article
- Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17: Factor Structure and Uniform Differential Item Functioning Across Gender and Age in HIV Orphans and Vulnerable Children in Zambia.European journal of psychological assessment : official organ of the European Association of Psychological Assessment · 2023Article
- Relationship between physical activity and behaviour challenges of adolescents in South Africa.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2023Article
- A global bibliometric analysis of intimate partner violence in the field of HIV/AIDS: implications for interventions and research development.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Nonsexual violence against children and adolescents: a study in a Latin American tertiary and university hospital.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2022Article
- Accelerating Sustainable Development Goals for South African adolescents from high HIV prevalence areas: a longitudinal path analysis.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- Intimate Partner Violence and Food Insecurity Predict Early Behavior Problems Among South African Children over 5-years Post-Birth.Child psychiatry and human development · 2021Article
- Childhood trauma, major depressive disorder, suicidality, and the modifying role of social support among adolescents living with HIV in rural Uganda.Journal of affective disorders reports · 2021Article
- Caregivers' Experiences with Caring for a Child Living with HIV/AIDS: A Qualitative Study in Northern Ghana.Global pediatric health · 2021Article
- Depressive symptoms among children attending community based support in South Africa - pathways for disrupting risk factors.Clinical child psychology and psychiatry · 2020Article
- Article
- Associations between young children's exposure to household violence and behavioural problems: Evidence from a rural Kenyan sample.Global public health · 2020Article
- Mental Health and Functional Competence in the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Why interventions to prevent intimate partner violence and HIV have failed young women in southern Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with emotional and behavioural difficulties among children living with HIV in Malawi: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Many of the risk factors for violence against children are particularly prevalent in families and communities affected by HIV/AIDS. Yet, in sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV rates are high, efforts to prevent or address violence against children and its long-lasting effects are hampered by a lack of evidence. We assessed the relationship between violence exposure and mental health among HIV-affected children attending community-based organisations in South Africa (n = 834) and Malawi (n = 155, total sample n = 989) at baseline and 12-15-month follow-up. Exposure to violence in the home and in the community was high. HIV-negative children who lived with an HIV-positive person experienced most violence overall, followed by HIV-positive children. Children unaffected by HIV experienced least violence (all p < .05). Interpersonal violence in the home predicted child depression (β = 0.17, p < .001), trauma symptoms (β = 0.17, p < .001), lower self-esteem (β = -0.17, p < .001), and internalising and externalising behavioural problems (β = 0.07, p < .05), while exposure to community violence predicted trauma symptoms (β = 0.16, p < .001) and behavioural problems (β = 0.07, p < .05). Harsh physical discipline predicted lower self-esteem (β = -0.18, p < .001) and behavioural problems for children (β = 0.24, p < .001). Exposure to home (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.23-2.85) and community violence predicted risk behaviour (OR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.57-3.62). Over time, there was a decrease in depressed mood and problem behaviours, and an increase in self-esteem for children experiencing different types of violence at baseline. This may have been due to ongoing participation in the community-based programme. These data highlight the burden of violence in these communities and possibilities for programmes to include violence prevention to improve psychosocial well-being in HIV-affected children.
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Registered trials
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