ArticleAutophagy2016
Ferritinophagy drives uropathogenic Escherichia coli persistence in bladder epithelial cells.
Article in Autophagy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)Autophagy · 2021Guideline
- RstAB activates type 1 fimbriae to promote uropathogeniciScience · 2026Article
- Overview of Ferroptosis in Cadmium Toxicity.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Crosstalk between iron metabolism dysregulation and the oral microbiome in periodontitis.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Review
- Advancements in understanding tumor-resident bacteria and their application in cancer therapy.Military Medical Research · 2025Review
- Effects of sickle trait on maternal and perinatal outcomes among pregnant women.Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2025Article
- Cytolethal distending toxin from Glaesserella parasuis induces ferroptosis in porcine alveolar macrophages and mice.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- The Type III Secretion System (T3SS) of Escherichia Coli Promotes Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Impact of Iron Supplementation on Growth Performance, Iron Homeostasis and Redox Balance of Suckling Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Ferritin Hinders Ferroptosis in Non-Tumorous Diseases: Regulatory Mechanisms and Potential Consequences.Current protein & peptide science · 2025Review
- Synthetic antimicrobial peptide LD4-PP protects the host againstFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Potential Regulatory Role of Ferroptosis in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Subverts Host Autophagic Defenses by Stalling Preautophagosomal Structures to Escape Lysosome Exocytosis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Unveiling ferroptosis as a promising therapeutic avenue for colorectal cancer and colitis treatment.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Magnetically attracting hydrogel reshapes iron metabolism for tissue repair.Science advances · 2024Article
- The influence of iron nutrition on the development of intestine and immune cell divergency in neonatal pigs.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- The emerging role of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 in health and disease: a novel bridge between iron metabolism and immunity.Cell death discovery · 2024Review
- Ferritinophagy: A novel insight into the double-edged sword in ferritinophagy-ferroptosis axis and human diseases.Cell proliferation · 2024Review
- Iron regulatory proteins 1 and 2 have opposing roles in regulating inflammation in bacterial orchitis.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Targeting ferroptosis and ferritinophagy: new targets for cardiovascular diseases.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2024Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular recycling pathway, which in many cases, protects host cells from infections by degrading pathogens. However, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the predominant cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs), persist within the urinary tract epithelium (urothelium) by forming reservoirs within autophagosomes. Iron is a critical nutrient for both host and pathogen, and regulation of iron availability is a key host defense against pathogens. Iron homeostasis depends on the shuttling of iron-bound ferritin to the lysosome for recycling, a process termed ferritinophagy (a form of selective autophagy). Here, we demonstrate for the first time that UPEC shuttles with ferritin-bound iron into the autophagosomal and lysosomal compartments within the urothelium. Iron overload in urothelial cells induces ferritinophagy in an NCOA4-dependent manner causing increased iron availability for UPEC, triggering bacterial overproliferation and host cell death. Addition of even moderate levels of iron is sufficient to increase and prolong bacterial burden. Furthermore, we show that lysosomal damage due to iron overload is the specific mechanism causing host cell death. Significantly, we demonstrate that host cell death and bacterial burden can be reversed by inhibition of autophagy or inhibition of iron-regulatory proteins, or chelation of iron. Together, our findings suggest that UPEC persist in host cells by taking advantage of ferritinophagy. Thus, modulation of iron levels in the bladder may provide a therapeutic avenue to controlling UPEC persistence, epithelial cell death, and recurrent UTIs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.