ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2016
Secreted Compounds of the Probiotic Bacillus clausii Strain O/C Inhibit the Cytotoxic Effects Induced by Clostridium difficile and Bacillus cereus Toxins.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
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- Review
- Probiotic properties ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Antibiotic Alternatives and Next-Generation Therapeutics forAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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- Heat-InactivatedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluation of ProbioticMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Prevention and treatment of antibiotics-associated adverse effects through the use of probiotics: A review.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Metatranscriptome analysis to unveil the molecular signatures of transcriptionally active pathogens associated with bovine mastitis.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Strain-Dependent Adhesion Variations ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Potential Complementary Effect of Zinc andNutrients · 2024Review
- The Role of Probiotics in Improving Food Safety: Inactivation of Pathogens and Biological Toxins.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
- Probiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Screening for Asymptomatic Clostridioides difficile Carriage Among Hospitalized Patients: A Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Review
- Proton pump inhibitor-induced gut dysbiosis and immunomodulation: current knowledge and potential restoration by probiotics.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2023Review
- Qualitative Analysis of the Efficacy of Probiotic Strains in the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea.Cureus · 2023Review
- Probiotics: insights and new opportunities forCritical reviews in microbiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although the use of probiotics based on Bacillus strains to fight off intestinal pathogens and antibiotic-associated diarrhea is widespread, the mechanisms involved in producing their beneficial effects remain unclear. Here, we studied the ability of compounds secreted by the probiotic Bacillus clausii strain O/C to counteract the cytotoxic effects induced by toxins of two pathogens, Clostridium difficile and Bacillus cereus, by evaluating eukaryotic cell viability and expression of selected genes. Coincubation of C. difficile and B. cereus toxic culture supernatants with the B. clausii supernatant completely prevented the damage induced by toxins in Vero and Caco-2 cells. The hemolytic effect of B. cereus was also avoided by the probiotic supernatant. Moreover, in these cells, the expression of rhoB, encoding a Rho GTPase target for C. difficile toxins, was normalized when C. difficile supernatant was pretreated using the B. clausii supernatant. All of the beneficial effects observed with the probiotic were abolished by the serine protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). Suspecting the involvement of a secreted protease in this protective effect, a protease was purified from the B. clausii supernatant and identified as a serine protease (M-protease; GenBank accession number Q99405). Experiments on Vero cells demonstrated the antitoxic activity of the purified protease against pathogen supernatants. This is the first report showing the capacity of a protease secreted by probiotic bacteria to inhibit the cytotoxic effects of toxinogenic C. difficile and B. cereus strains. This extracellular compound could be responsible, at least in part, for the protective effects observed for this human probiotic in antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.