ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2016
Dose-dependent autophagic effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in human HaCaT cells at non-cytotoxic levels.
Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Toxicological Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Human Menstrual Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Autophagy-Targeting Nanomedicine: Strike at the Heart of the Cancer via Precise Modulation of Autophagy.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2025Review
- Microrobots for Antibiotic-ResistantACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Use of Antimicrobial Nanoparticles for the Management of Dental Diseases.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cyanophycin modifications for applications in tissue scaffolding.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Autophagy-modulating biomaterials: multifunctional weapons to promote tissue regeneration.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Insights into nanoparticles-induced neurotoxicity and cope up strategies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Effects of carnosine on the embryonic development and TiOFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Scattering-type Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy of Polymer-Coated Gold Nanoparticles.ACS omega · 2022Article
- Smart FeInternational journal of nanomedicine · 2022Article
- Fe-N Co-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Induce Cell Death in Human Lung Fibroblasts in a p53-Independent Manner.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Cellular Mechanisms Involved in the Combined Toxic Effects of Diesel Exhaust and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The distinct effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in primary and immortalized cell lines.Toxicology research · 2021Article
- Micro- and Nanosized Substances Cause Different Autophagy-Related Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Biomaterials for Three-Dimensional Cell Culture: From Applications in Oncology to Nanotechnology.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Discovery of Benzopyrrolizidines as Promising Antigiardiasic Agents.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Partial Reversibility of the Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Graphene-Based Materials in Skin Keratinocytes.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Jejunal villus absorption and paracellular tight junction permeability are major routes for early intestinal uptake of food-grade TiOParticle and fibre toxicology · 2020Article
- The Current Understanding of Autophagy in Nanomaterial Toxicity and Its Implementation in Safety Assessment-Related Alternative Testing Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInteractions between nanoparticles and cells are now the focus of a fast-growing area of research. Though many nanoparticles interact with cells without any acute toxic responses, metal oxide nanoparticles including those composed of titanium dioxide (TiO2-NPs) may disrupt the intracellular process of macroautophagy. Autophagy plays a key role in human health and disease, particularly in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We herein investigated the in vitro biological effects of TiO2-NPs (18 nm) on autophagy in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells at non-cytotoxic levels.
resultsTiO2-NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering techniques. Cellular uptake, as evaluated by TEM and NanoSIMS revealed that NPs internalization led to the formation of autophagosomes. TiO2-NPs treatment did not reduce cell viability of HaCaT cells nor increased oxidative stress. Cellular autophagy was additionally evaluated by confocal microscopy using eGFP-LC3 keratinocytes, western blotting of autophagy marker LC3I/II, immunodetection of p62 and NBR1 proteins, and gene expression of LC3II, p62, NBR1, beclin1 and ATG5 by RT-qPCR. We also confirmed the formation and accumulation of autophagosomes in NPs treated cells with LC3-II upregulation. Based on the lack of degradation of p62 and NBR1 proteins, autophagosomes accumulation at a high dose (25.0 μg/ml) is due to blockage while a low dose (0.16 μg/ml) promoted autophagy. Cellular viability was not affected in either case.
conclusionsThe uptake of TiO2-NPs led to a dose-dependent increase in autophagic effect under non-cytotoxic conditions. Our results suggest dose-dependent autophagic effect over time as a cellular response to TiO2-NPs. Most importantly, these findings suggest that simple toxicity data are not enough to understand the full impact of TiO2-NPs and their effects on cellular pathways or function.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.