ReviewExpert review of vaccines2016
Progress and challenges associated with the development of ricin toxin subunit vaccines.
Review in Expert review of vaccines, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ricin as a Biothreat Agent: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Toxicology, Forensic Aspects, and Risk Mitigation.BioMed research international · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- Fibroblast EGFR signaling mediates ricin toxin-induced acute lung injury via EGR1/CXCL1 axis.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Establishment and Comparison of Detection Methods for Ricin and Abrin Based on Their Depurination Activities.Toxins · 2025Article
- Serum antibody profiling identifies vaccine-induced correlates of protection against aerosolized ricin toxin in rhesus macaques.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- Durable Immunity to Ricin Toxin Elicited by a Thermostable, Lyophilized Subunit Vaccine.mSphere · 2021Article
- An Electrochemical Approach to Follow and Evaluate the Kinetic Catalysis of Ricin on hsDNA.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A Simple, Fast and Portable Method for Electrochemical Detection of Adenine Released by Ricin Enzymatic Activity.Toxins · 2021Article
- An intranasally administered monoclonal antibody cocktail abrogates ricin toxin-induced pulmonary tissue damage and inflammation.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
- Review
- A Collection of Single-Domain Antibodies that Crowd Ricin Toxin's Active Site.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Article
- Fine-Specificity Epitope Analysis Identifies Contact Points on Ricin Toxin Recognized by Protective Monoclonal Antibodies.ImmunoHorizons · 2018Article
- Contribution of an unusual CDR2 element of a single domain antibody in ricin toxin binding affinity and neutralizing activity.Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS · 2018Article
- Functional Assays for Measuring the Catalytic Activity of Ribosome Inactivating Proteins.Toxins · 2018Review
- Alpha-galactosylceramide (αGalCer) enhances vaccine-induced protection in a model of ricin intoxication.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Article
- High-Definition Mapping of Four Spatially Distinct Neutralizing Epitope Clusters on RiVax, a Candidate Ricin Toxin Subunit Vaccine.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- High-Resolution Epitope Positioning of a Large Collection of Neutralizing and Nonneutralizing Single-Domain Antibodies on the Enzymatic and Binding Subunits of Ricin Toxin.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- Using homology modeling to interrogate binding affinity in neutralization of ricin toxin by a family of single domain antibodies.Proteins · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The past several years have seen major advances in the development of a safe and efficacious ricin toxin vaccine, including the completion of two Phase I clinical trials with two different recombinant A subunit (RTA)-based vaccines: RiVax™ and RVEc™ adsorbed to aluminum salt adjuvant, as well as a non-human primate study demonstrating that parenteral immunization with RiVax elicits a serum antibody response that was sufficient to protect against a lethal dose aerosolized ricin exposure. One of the major obstacles moving forward is assessing vaccine efficacy in humans, when neither ricin-specific serum IgG endpoint titers nor toxin-neutralizing antibody levels are accepted as definitive predictors of protective immunity. In this review we summarize ongoing efforts to leverage recent advances in our understanding of RTA-antibody interactions at the structural level to develop novel assays to predict vaccine efficacy in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.