ArticleScientific reports2016
Glucagon-like peptide-1 prevents methylglyoxal-induced apoptosis of beta cells through improving mitochondrial function and suppressing prolonged AMPK activation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Liraglutide as Additional Treatment to Insulin in Patients With Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus
Open the trial in the graphPhase 1/ Phase 2 Study of the Therapeutic Effect of Ex-vivo Expanded Umbilical Cord Blood Regulatory T Cells With Liraglutide on Autoimmune Diabetes
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting the markers interleukin-6 and glucagon-like peptide-1 for targeting low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and our lab experience.Acta diabetologica · 2025Pooled it
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and pancreatic beta cell apoptosis in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2025Pooled it
- Electroacupuncture enables semaglutide dose sparing in type 2 diabetes by boosting drug concentration and suppressing β-cell apoptosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Review
- Deuterium trafficking, mitochondrial dysfunction, copper homeostasis, and neurodegenerative disease.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
- From Diabetes to Oncology: Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist's Dual Role in Prostate Cancer.Cancers · 2024Review
- Targeting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in pancreatic β-cells to enhance their survival and function: An emerging therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes.Journal of diabetes · 2022Review
- Activation of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Ameliorates Glucolipotoxicity of Pancreatic Beta Cells.Biomolecules · 2021Article
- Mechanisms of Beta-Cell Apoptosis in Type 2 Diabetes-Prone Situations and Potential Protection by GLP-1-Based Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Preventive Effects of Dulaglutide on Disuse Muscle Atrophy Through Inhibition of Inflammation and Apoptosis by Induction of Hsp72 Expression.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Stimulation of GLP-1 Receptor Inhibits Methylglyoxal-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts: Potential Role of Epac/PI3K/Akt Pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Liraglutide protects against glucolipotoxicity-induced RIN-m5F β-cell apoptosis through restoration of PDX1 expression.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2019Article
- Oxidative Stress, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, and Developmental Programming of Type 2 Diabetes.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Review
- Actions of metformin and statins on lipid and glucose metabolism and possible benefit of combination therapy.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2018Review
- Roles of hyperuricemia in metabolic syndrome and cardiac-kidney-vascular system diseases.American journal of translational research · 2018Review
- Methylglyoxal-induced AMPK activation leads to autophagic degradation of thioredoxin 1 and glyoxalase 2 in HT22 nerve cells.Free radical biology & medicine · 2017Article
- The albumin-exendin-4 recombinant protein E2HSA improves glycemic control and β-cell function in spontaneous diabetic KKAy mice.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2017Article
- Polydatin Prevents Methylglyoxal-Induced Apoptosis through Reducing Oxidative Stress and Improving Mitochondrial Function in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2017Article
- Aerobic Exercise Training Selectively Changes Oxysterol Levels and Metabolism Reducing Cholesterol Accumulation in the Aorta of Dyslipidemic Mice.Frontiers in physiology · 2017Article
- Glycation potentiates neurodegeneration in models of Huntington's disease.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG) contributes to glucotoxicity and mediates beta cell apoptosis. The molecular mechanism by which GLP-1 protects MG-induced beta cell apoptosis remains unclear. Metformin is a first-line drug for treating type 2 diabetes associated with AMPK activation. However, whether metformin prevents MG-induced beta cell apoptosis is controversial. Here, we explored the signaling pathway involved in the anti-apoptotic effect of GLP-1, and investigated whether metformin had an anti-apoptotic effect on beta cells. MG treatment induced apoptosis of beta cells, impaired mitochondrial function, and prolonged activation of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK). The MG-induced pro-apoptotic effects were abolished by an AMPK inhibitor. Pretreatment of GLP-1 reversed MG-induced apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and suppressed prolonged AMPK activation. Pretreatment of GLP-1 reversed AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR)-induced apoptosis, and suppressed prolonged AMPK activation. However, metformin neither leads to beta cell apoptosis nor ameliorates MG-induced beta cell apoptosis. In parallel, GLP-1 also prevents MG-induced beta cell apoptosis through PKA and PI3K-dependent pathway. In conclusion, these data indicates GLP-1 but not metformin protects MG-induced beta cell apoptosis through improving mitochondrial function, and alleviating the prolonged AMPK activation. Whether adding GLP-1 to metformin provides better beta cell survival and delays disease progression remains to be validated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.