ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2016
Trends and Factors Related to Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Potential for non-combustible nicotine products to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in smoking: a systematic review and synthesis of best available evidence.BMC public health · 2019Pooled it
- Disparities in Receipt of Tobacco Cessation Advice Among U.S. Adult Healthcare Patients Who Use Tobacco.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- SimSmoke simulation models by educational status: past and future US trends and the potential role of policy.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- SimSmoke simulation models distinguished by race/ethnicity: past and future trends and the potential role of policy.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Article
- Examining the role of freebase nicotine in the harm reduction potential of oral nicotine pouches versus moist snuff: A randomized crossover trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Nicotine Pouch and E-Cigarette Use and Co-Use Among US Youths in 2023 and 2024.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Tobacco Use Patterns Among University Students in Herat, Afghanistan: A Cross-sectional Study.Addiction & health · 2024Article
- Article
- Do Tobacco Companies Have an Incentive to Promote "Harm Reduction" Products?: The Role of Competition.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Disparities in Cigarette, E-cigarette, Cigar, and Smokeless Tobacco Use at the Intersection of Multiple Social Identities in the US Adult Population. Results From the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey 2018-2019 Survey.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- The first nicotine product tried is associated with current multiple nicotine product use and nicotine dependence among a nationally representative sample of U.S. youths.Preventive medicine · 2023Article
- The Kentucky SimSmoke Tobacco Control Policy Model of Smokeless Tobacco and Cigarette Use.International journal of health policy and management · 2022Article
- Smokeless Tobacco Use and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Among Males in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, Waves 1-4.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- Age of initiation of smokeless tobacco use among young adults: Findings from the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study, 2013-2017.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2022Article
- Trends in Exclusive, Dual and Polytobacco Use among U.S. Adults, 2014-2019: Results from Two Nationally Representative Surveys.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Cumulative disadvantage as a framework for understanding rural tobacco use disparities.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Review
- Oral and periodontal implications of tobacco and nicotine products.Periodontology 2000 · 2021Review
- A comparison of tobacco product prevalence by different frequency of use thresholds across three US surveys.BMC public health · 2021Article
- The Intersection of Rural Residence and Minority Race/Ethnicity in Cancer Disparities in the United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Swedish snus use is associated with mortality: a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies.International journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile declines in smoking prevalence in the United States have been well documented, trends in smokeless tobacco (SLT) use are less clear. This study updates previous analyses of US SLT use prevalence to better understand trends and factors related to SLT use.
methodsWe used the Tobacco Use Supplement of the Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) to examine trends and factors related to SLT use using joinpoint and logistic regression models. SLT consumption from 1985 to 2011 was obtained from the 2011 Federal Trade Commission Smokeless Tobacco Report. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for assessing the impact of varying frequency definitions of SLT use.
resultsDecreasing trends in smoking and SLT prevalence overall were observed from 1992 to 2003 independently of use definition. SLT prevalence in the total adult population significantly decreased at an annual percent change (APC) of 4.5% per year from 1992 to 2003, but has been approximately constant ever since. Similar patterns were also found in adult males (APC = -4.4%) and young males (APC = -9.5%). SLT per capita consumption decreased significantly from 1991 to 1999 (APC = -2.2%), but has since decreased at only 0.35% per year (1999-2011). SLT use was found to be associated with former smoker status, younger age, white race, living in rural areas, residence in the South, lower education and unemployment, adjusting for other factors.
conclusionsDeclines in SLT use were found in the United States, suggesting tobacco control has had positive impacts, but these have slowed since 2003. Targeting tobacco control policies to at-risk demographic groups is needed to further reduce SLT use in the United States. IMPLICATIONS: This study confirms that the declines in SLT use prevalence stopped in 2003 across different demographic groups, consistent with trends in SLT consumption. In addition, the longer period of analysis in comparison with earlier studies allows for quantitative characterization of SLT use trends using joinpoint regression. The study also shows the impact of different SLT use definitions in determining tobacco product use prevalence and trends.
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