Trial reportAmerican heart journal2016
Initiation of β-blocker therapy and depression after acute myocardial infarction.
Trial report in American heart journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of beta-blockers on quality of life and well-being in patients with myocardial infarction and preserved left ventricular function-a prespecified substudy from REDUCE-AMI.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2025Trial
- Evaluation of Depression Levels in Patients With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Using the Geriatric Depression Scale.Cureus · 2024Article
- Antihypertensive drugs and brain function: mechanisms underlying therapeutically beneficial and harmful neuropsychiatric effects.Cardiovascular research · 2023Review
- Randomized evaluation of routine beta-blocker therapy after myocardial infarction quality of life (RQoL): design and rationale of a multicentre, prospective, randomized, open, blinded endpoint study.European heart journal open · 2023Article
- Pathophysiological mechanisms of post-myocardial infarction depression: a narrative review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Associations between β-blockers and psychiatric and behavioural outcomes: A population-based cohort study of 1.4 million individuals in Sweden.PLoS medicine · 2023Article
- Association between β-blocker dose and quality of life after myocardial infarction: a real-world Swedish register-linked study.European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care · 2022Observational
- Mechanism and therapeutic strategies of depression after myocardial infarction.Psychopharmacology · 2021Review
- The relationship between antihypertensive medications and mood disorders: analysis of linked healthcare data for 1.8 million patients.Psychological medicine · 2021Article
- Antidepressant Drugs Effects on Blood Pressure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Review
- Severity, Progress, and Related Factors of Mood Disorders in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Retrospective Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- The association of antihypertensive use and depressive symptoms in a large older population with hypertension living in Australia and the United States: a cross-sectional study.Journal of human hypertension · 2020Article
- Effectiveness of Metoprolol in Improving Cardiac and Motor Functions in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A Prospective Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2020Article
- Article
- Dose-independent influence of metoprolol on cardiac and motor functions, QoL, and mental status in Chinese patients with CHF.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2019Article
- Impact of metoprolol treatment on mental status of chronic heart failure patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.Drug design, development and therapy · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAlthough β-blockers reduce mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), early reports linking β-blocker use with subsequent depression have potentially limited their use in vulnerable patients. We sought to provide empirical evidence to support or refute this concern by examining the association between β-blocker initiation and change in depressive symptoms in AMI patients.
methodsUsing data from 2 US multicenter, prospective registries of AMI patients, we examined 1-, 6-, and 12-month changes in depressive symptoms after the index hospitalization among patients who were β-blocker-naïve on admission. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), which rates depressive symptoms from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating more depressive symptoms. A propensity-matched repeated-measures linear regression model was used to compare change in depressive symptoms among patients who were and were not initiated on a β-blocker after AMI.
resultsOf 3,470 AMI patients who were β-blocker-naïve on admission, 3,190 (91.9%) were initiated on a β-blocker and 280 (8.1%) were not. Baseline PHQ-8 scores were higher in patients not initiated on a β-blocker (mean 5.78 ± 5.45 vs 4.88 ± 5.11, P = .005). PHQ-8 scores were progressively lower at 1, 6, and 12 months in both the β-blocker (mean decrease at 12 months 1.16, P < .0001) and no-β-blocker groups (mean decrease 1.71, P < .0001). After propensity matching 201 untreated patients with 567 treated patients, initiation of β-blocker therapy was not associated with a difference in mean change in PHQ-8 scores at 1, 6, or 12 months after AMI (absolute mean difference with β-blocker initiation at 12 months of 0.08, 95% CI -0.81 to 0.96, P = .86).
conclusionsInitiation of β-blocker therapy after AMI was not associated with an increase in depressive symptoms. Restricting β-blocker use because of concerns about depression appears unwarranted and may lead to undertreatment of AMI patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.