ArticleJournal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders2015
Recanalization and flow regulate venous thrombus resolution and matrix metalloproteinase expression in vivo.
Article in Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early growth response factor-1 DNA enzyme 1 inhibits the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm in rats.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Great Saphenous Vein Flow Pattern as a Simple Ultrasonographic Sign of Early Recanalization of Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Case Series Report.Annals of vascular diseases · 2018Article
- Serpins in Venous Thrombosis and Venous Thrombus Resolution.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2018Article
- Plasma MMP and TIMP evaluation in patients with deep venous thrombosis: could they have a predictive role in the development of post-thrombotic syndrome?International wound journal · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe examined the role of thrombus recanalization and ongoing blood flow in the process of thrombus resolution by comparing two murine in vivo models of deep venous thrombosis.
methodsIn CD1 mice, we performed surgical inferior vena cava ligation (stasis thrombosis), stenosis (thrombosis with recanalization), or sham procedure. We analyzed thrombus weight over time as a measure of thrombus resolution and quantified the messenger RNA and protein levels of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) as well as effectors of the plasmin complex at days 4, 8, and 12 after surgery.
resultsDespite similar initial thrombus size, the presence of ongoing blood flow (stenosis model) was associated with a 45.91% subsequent improvement in thrombus resolution at day 8 and 12.57% at day 12 compared with stasis thrombosis (ligation model). Immunoblot and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated a difference in MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity at day 8 between the two models (P = .03 and P = .006, respectively) as well as a difference in MT2-MMP gene expression at day 8 (P = .044) and day 12 (P = .03) and MT1-MMP protein expression at day 4 (P = .021). Histologic analyses revealed distinct areas of recanalization in the thrombi of the stenosis model compared with the ligation model as well as the recruitment of inflammatory cells, especially macrophages, and a focal pattern of localized expression of MT1-MMP and MT3-MMP proteins surrounding the areas of recanalization in the stenosis model.
conclusionsRecanalization and ongoing blood flow accelerate deep venous thrombus resolution in vivo and are associated with distinct patterns of MT1-MMP and MT3-MMP expression and macrophage localization in areas of intrathrombus recanalization.
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