Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26993632›Full record

SynthesisDiabetologia2016

Egg consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study and dose-response meta-analysis.

Alice Wallin, Nita G Forouhi, Alicja Wolk, Susanna C Larsson

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Diabetologia, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03404700 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Determining Dietary Pattern Accompanying Egg Intake Using Remote Food Photography Method

TypeinterventionalSponsorTexas Tech UniversityRan2018 to 2018Enrolled48ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Insulin ResistanceArmsEgg breakfast, Egg breakfast with high saturated fat, Cereal breakfast, Cereal breakfast with high saturated fat
NCT04316429 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

The Impact of Consumption of Eggs in the Context of Plant-Based Diets on

TypeinterventionalSponsorGriffin HospitalRan2020 to 2021Enrolled35ConditionsType 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular DiseasesArmsEgg included vegan phase, Vegan Phase
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  18. Multiple health and environmental impacts of foods.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alice WallinUnit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. alice.wallin@ki.se.
Nita G ForouhiMedical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK.
Alicja WolkUnit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
Susanna C LarssonUnit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UU_12015/5
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisIn this study, we aimed to investigate the association between egg consumption and type 2 diabetes risk in the Cohort of Swedish Men and to conduct a meta-analysis to summarise available prospective evidence on this association.

methodsWe followed 39,610 men (aged 45-79 years) from 1998 up to 2012 for incident type 2 diabetes. Egg consumption was assessed at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire. HRs (95% CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. We searched PubMed (up to 14 December 2015) and reference lists of retrieved articles to identify eligible studies for meta-analysis.

resultsDuring the 15 years of follow up, 4,173 men were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Compared with men who consumed eggs <1 time/week, the multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.98 (95% CI 0.92, 1.05), 1.11 (95% CI 0.99, 1.24) and 1.11 (95% CI 0.95, 1.29) for egg consumption 1-2, 3-4 and ≥5 times/week, respectively (p trend = 0.06). In a random-effects dose-response meta-analysis, heterogeneity in the overall estimate was partly explained by differences across regions. The overall HRs for type 2 diabetes for each 3 times/week increment in consumption were 1.18 (95% CI 1.13, 1.24) in five US studies (I (2) = 0%) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.90, 1.05) in seven non-US studies. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationOur findings in Swedish men do not support an association between egg consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes. In a meta-analysis, frequent egg consumption was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes in US studies only. Egg consumption habits and associated overall dietary patterns may differ between populations and could potentially explain the discrepancies between reported results. Given the inconsistent results, this relationship warrants further study.

Indexed as

AgedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diet SurveysEggsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesSwedenCohort studyDiabetesEggsMeta-analysisProspective study

Identifiers

PMID26993632
PMCPMC4861752

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.