Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26993500›Full record

ArticleHuman genetics2016

Allele-specific transcription factor binding to common and rare variants associated with disease and gene expression.

Marco Cavalli, Gang Pan, Helena Nord, Ola Wallerman, Emelie Wallén Arzt, Olof Berggren, Ingegerd Elvers, Maija-Leena Eloranta, Lars Rönnblom, Kerstin Lindblad Toh and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human genetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Regulatory Plasticity of the Human Genome.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Marco CavalliScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Gang PanScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Helena NordScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Ola WallermanScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Emelie Wallén ArztScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Olof BerggrenScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Ingegerd ElversScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Maija-Leena ElorantaScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Lars RönnblomScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Kerstin Lindblad TohScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Claes WadeliusScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. claes.wadelius@igp.uu.se.
Uppsala University · SEBroad Institute · USScience for Life Laboratory · SEKarolinska Institutet · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a large number of disease-associated SNPs, but in few cases the functional variant and the gene it controls have been identified. To systematically identify candidate regulatory variants, we sequenced ENCODE cell lines and used public ChIP-seq data to look for transcription factors binding preferentially to one allele. We found 9962 candidate regulatory SNPs, of which 16 % were rare and showed evidence of larger functional effect than common ones. Functionally rare variants may explain divergent GWAS results between populations and are candidates for a partial explanation of the missing heritability. The majority of allele-specific variants (96 %) were specific to a cell type. Furthermore, by examining GWAS loci we found >400 allele-specific candidate SNPs, 141 of which were highly relevant in our cell types. Functionally validated SNPs support identification of an SNP in SYNGR1 which may expose to the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and primary biliary cirrhosis, as well as an SNP in the last intron of COG6 exposing to the risk of psoriasis. We propose that by repeating the ChIP-seq experiments of 20 selected transcription factors in three to ten people, the most common polymorphisms can be interrogated for allele-specific binding. Our strategy may help to remove the current bottleneck in functional annotation of the genome.

Indexed as

Gene Expression ProfilingGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseAllelesBiomarkersGenotypeHumansK562 CellsNeuroblastomaPolymorphism, Single NucleotideProtein BindingTranscription FactorsTumor Cells, CulturedBiomarkersTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID26993500
PMCPMC4835527
OpenAlexW2297703766

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.