Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26992067›Full record

ArticleCritical care medicine2016

Outcome Measurement in ICU Survivorship Research From 1970 to 2013: A Scoping Review of 425 Publications.

Alison E Turnbull, Anahita Rabiee, Wesley E Davis, Mohamed Farhan Nasser, Venkat Reddy Venna, Rohini Lolitha, Ramona O Hopkins, O Joseph Bienvenu, Karen A Robinson, Dale M Needham

Abstract readScoping Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Critical care medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
108citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

108 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  14. Strategies to Promote Resilience and Community Reintegration for Patients With New Disabilities After Critical Illness: A Qualitative Study Integrating Patient and Family Perspectives.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
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  17. Measuring health-related quality of life in sepsis survivors and caregivers: a mapping review and a preliminary conceptual framework.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026
    Review
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48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Alison E Turnbull1Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery Group, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. 2Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. 3Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. 4Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT. 5Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Healthcare, Murray, UT. 6Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT. 7Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. 8Department of Health Policy & Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. 9Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. 10Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Anahita Rabiee
Wesley E Davis
Mohamed Farhan Nasser
Venkat Reddy Venna
Rohini Lolitha
Ramona O Hopkins
O Joseph Bienvenu
Karen A Robinson
Dale M Needham

Funding

Improving Long-Term Outcomes Clinical Research for Acute Respiratory FailureR24HL111895 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI NEEDHAM, DALE MURRAY · 2013 to 2017
$5.4M
NHLBI NIH HHS R24 HL111895
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo evaluate the study designs and measurement instruments used to assess physical, cognitive, mental health, and quality of life outcomes of survivors of critical illness over more than 40 years old as a first step toward developing a core outcome set of measures for future trials to improve outcomes in ICU survivors.

designScoping review.

settingPublished articles that included greater than or equal to one postdischarge measure of a physical, cognitive, mental health, or quality of life outcome in more than or equal to 20 survivors of critical illness published between 1970 and 2013. Instruments were classified using the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework. SUBJECTS: ICU survivors.

interventionsNone. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN

resultsWe reviewed 15,464 abstracts, and identified 425 eligible articles, including 31 randomized trials (7%), 116 cross-sectional studies (27%), and 278 cohort studies (65%). Cohort studies had a median (interquartile range) sample size of 96 survivors (52-209), with 38% not fully reporting loss to follow-up. A total of 250 different measurement instruments were used in these 425 articles. Among eligible articles, 25 measured physical activity limitations (6%), 40 measured cognitive activity limitations (9%), 114 measured mental health impairment (27%), 196 measured participation restriction (46%), and 276 measured quality of life (65%).

conclusionsPeer-reviewed publications reporting patient outcomes after hospital discharge for ICU survivors have grown from 3 in the 1970s to more than 300 since 2000. Although there is evidence of consolidation in the instruments used for measuring participation restriction and quality of life, the ability to compare results across studies remains impaired by the 250 different instruments used. Most articles described cohort studies of modest size with a single follow-up assessment using patient-reported measures of participation restriction and quality of life. Development of a core outcome set of valid, reliable, and feasible measures is essential to improving the outcomes of critical illness survivors.

Indexed as

Health StatusIntensive Care UnitsQuality of LifeHumansMental HealthOutcome Assessment, Health CareResearch DesignSurvival AnalysisSurvivors

Identifiers

PMID26992067
PMCPMC4911315

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.