ArticleArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2016
Effect of Drug Therapy on Net Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of High-Density Lipoprotein-Enriched Serum in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Article in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and concentration in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Lipids in health and disease · 2021Pooled it
- The Impact of Biologics and Tofacitinib on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Outcomes in Patients with Rheumatic Disease: A Systematic Literature Review.Drug safety · 2018Pooled it
- Angiotensin receptor blocker vs ACE inhibitor effects on HDL functionality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2018Trial
- Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease: comparison with rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Deep learning enables automatic detection of joint damage progression in rheumatoid arthritis-model development and external validation.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Antibodies against oxidized LDL and atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biological agents: a prospective controlled study.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Article
- The effects of biologic agents on cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a prospective observational study.Heart and vessels · 2022Observational
- Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Complex Challenge with Increased Atherosclerotic Risk.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Effect of Tocilizumab on LDL and HDL Characteristics in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. An Observational Study.Rheumatology and therapy · 2021Article
- Diminished cytokine-induced Jak/STAT signaling is associated with rheumatoid arthritis and disease activity.PloS one · 2021Article
- The Lipid Paradox as a Metabolic Checkpoint and Its Therapeutic Significance in Ameliorating the Associated Cardiovascular Risks in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Circulating microbial small RNAs are altered in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2020Article
- Effects of disease activity on lipoprotein levels in patients with early arthritis: can oxidized LDL cholesterol explain the lipid paradox theory?Arthritis research & therapy · 2020Article
- The lipid paradox in rheumatoid arthritis: the dark horse of the augmented cardiovascular risk.Rheumatology international · 2020Review
- HDL cholesterol efflux capacity is related to disease activity in psoriatic arthritis patients.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Article
- Exercise is Associated With Increased Small HDL Particle Concentration and Decreased Vascular Stiffness in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases · 2018Article
- Cardiovascular Safety of Biologics and JAK Inhibitors in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.Current rheumatology reports · 2018Review
- Lipids in RA: Is Less Not Necessarily More?Current rheumatology reports · 2018Review
- Repurposing existing drugs for cardiovascular risk management: a focus on methotrexate.Drugs in context · 2018Review
- HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in rheumatoid arthritis patients: contributing factors and relationship with subclinical atherosclerosis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Some RA therapies may modify this risk, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The cholesterol efflux capacity of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is associated with a reduced CHD risk in non-RA populations; however, inflammation may impair the function of HDL. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether reduced inflammation resulting from treatment with methotrexate (MTX), adalimumab (ADA), or tocilizumab (TCZ) would increase the net cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL in patients with RA.
methodsA longitudinal multicenter study repository (Treatment Efficacy and Toxicity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Database and Repository) provided clinical information for and serum samples from 70 patients with RA before and 6 months after starting treatment with a new drug (MTX [n = 23], ADA [n = 22], or TCZ [n = 25]). Disease activity was measured using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). The net cholesterol efflux capacity was measured in paired serum samples using THP-1 macrophages, and total cellular cholesterol was measured by fluorometric assay.
resultsThe DAS28-ESR decreased with all treatments (P < 0.001). Net cholesterol efflux capacity was not significantly changed after 6 months of new RA therapy (mean ± SD 36.9 ± 17.3% units at baseline versus 38.0% ± 16.9% units at 6 months [P = 0.58]). However, change in net cholesterol efflux capacity was associated with change in the DAS28-ESR (ρ = -0.25, P = 0.04). In a post hoc analysis of patients with impaired net cholesterol efflux capacity at baseline, treatment with TCZ resulted in significant improvement in net cholesterol efflux capacity (21.9 ± 14.7% units at baseline versus 31.3% ± 12.8% units at 6 months [P < 0.02]), but this was not observed with MTX or ADA.
conclusionNet cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL cholesterol did not change significantly after 6 months of new RA therapy, except in patients with impaired baseline cholesterol efflux capacity who were receiving TCZ. Change in disease activity was associated with change in the net cholesterol efflux capacity.
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