ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2016
Poorly Controlled HIV Infection: An Independent Risk Factor for Liver Fibrosis.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of schistosomes on host anti-viral immune response and the acquisition, virulence, and prevention of viral infections: A systematic review.PLoS pathogens · 2021Pooled it
- Lack of Association Between Recent Cannabis Use and Advanced Liver Fibrosis Among HIV-positive Heavy Drinkers.Current HIV research · 2021Trial
- Improvement in Hepatic Fibrosis Biomarkers Associated With Chemokine Receptor Inactivation Through Mutation or Therapeutic Blockade.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Benefit of Early versus Deferred Antiretroviral Therapy on Progression of Liver Fibrosis among People with HIV in the START Randomized Trial.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2019Trial
- Impact of semaglutide on liver fibrosis score in people with HIV: findings from the CNICS cohort.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence and Early Indicators of HBV and HCV Co-infection Among Newly Diagnosed HIV Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study from India.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Mpox in People With HIV: Predictors of Diagnosis, Outcomes, and Vaccine Effectiveness in a Multisite Cohort.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- The prognosis characteristics of HIV/HBV co-infection after antiviral therapy: a comprehensive review.Infectious agents and cancer · 2026Review
- Chronic Liver Enzyme Elevation and Use of Contemporary ARVs Among People With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Prevalence of steatotic liver disease, MASLD, MetALD and significant fibrosis in people with HIV in the United States.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Liver Transplantation in People Living with HIV: Still an Experimental Procedure or Standard of Care?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Burden and correlates of significant liver fibrosis among HIV-infected and uninfected adults in urban Uganda.Dialogues in health · 2022Article
- Alcohol consumption upon direct-acting antiviral therapy for hepatitis C among persons with human immunodeficiency virus in the United States.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 disease incidence independent of comorbidities, among people with HIV in the United States.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Observational
- Epigenome-wide association study of biomarkers of liver function identifies albumin-associated DNA methylation sites among male veterans with HIV.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 disease incidence independent of comorbidities, among people with HIV in the US.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021Article
- Fatty Liver Disease in a Prospective North American Cohort of Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Liver Bacterial Dysbiosis With Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria Occurs in SIV-Infected Macaques and Persists During Antiretroviral Therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Brief Report: Relationship Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease in Persons With HIV.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Factors associated with clearance of hepatitis B virus surface antigen in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.Medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLiver disease is a major cause of mortality among HIV-infected persons. There is limited information about the extent to which HIV disease severity impacts liver disease progression.
methodsWe determined the incidence and predictors of advanced hepatic fibrosis measured by the Fibrosis-4 index (≥3.25) in a large diverse population of HIV-infected patients without significant liver disease at baseline (Fibrosis-4 score <1.45) in care between January 2000 and March 2014. We used Cox proportional hazards analysis to examine factors associated with progression to Fibrosis-4 score ≥3.25.
resultsAmong 14,198 HIV-infected patients, hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6 to 2.1], hepatitis B virus coinfection (aHR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2 to 1.8), alcohol-use disorder (aHR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2 to 1.6), and diabetes (aHR 1.9, 95% CI: 1.6 to 2.3) were associated with progression to advanced fibrosis in multivariable analysis. In addition, patients at each lower level of time-varying CD4 cell count had a significantly greater risk of progression, with ∼7-fold higher risk in those with CD4 <100 cells per cubic millimeter (aHR 6.9, 95% CI: 5.8 to 8.3) compared with CD4 ≥500 cells per cubic millimeter. An increasing gradient of risk was also observed among patients with higher time-varying HIV viral load (VL), with the greatest risk noted with VL ≥100,000 copies per milliliter (aHR 2.6, 95% CI: 2.2 to 3.1) compared with VL <500 copies per milliliter.
conclusionsLower CD4 cell count and higher HIV VL were significantly associated with progression to advanced hepatic fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner, independent of the risk associated with traditional factors: hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus coinfection, alcohol, and diabetes. Our findings suggest that early treatment of HIV infection could mitigate liver disease.
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