ArticleAIDS (London, England)2016
Association of injection drug use with incidence of HIV-associated non-AIDS-related morbidity by age, 1995-2014.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- EVALUATION OF SCREENING TOOL OF OLDER PEOPLE'S PRESCRIPTIONS (STOPP) CRITERIA IN AN URBAN COHORT OF OLDER PEOPLE WITH HIV.Pharmacoepidemiology · 2025Article
- Longitudinal evolution and risk profiles of comorbidity among people with HIV in China: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Socio-behavioral determinants of early vs. long-term HIV infection in Kazakhstan: roles of self-testing, alcohol, drug use and sexual networks.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Cohort profile update: the Johns Hopkins HIV clinical cohort, 1989-2023.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- The forecasted prevalence of comorbidities and multimorbidity in people with HIV in the United States through the year 2030: A modeling study.PLoS medicine · 2024Article
- Disability-adjusted life years associated with chronic comorbidities among people living with and without HIV: Estimating health burden in British Columbia, Canada.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Association of History of Injection Drug Use with External Cause-Related Mortality Among Persons Linked to HIV Care in an Urban Clinic, 2001-2015.AIDS and behavior · 2019Article
- Death after diagnosis of noncommunicable disease comorbid conditions, stratified by injection drug use.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
- HIV and Cardiovascular Disease: Update on Clinical Events, Special Populations, and Novel Biomarkers.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2018Review
- Multimorbidity Among Persons Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Influence of Injection Drug Use-Related HIV Acquisition on CD4 Response to First Antiretroviral Therapy Regimen Among Virally Suppressed Individuals.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Health-adjusted life expectancy in HIV-positive and HIV-negative men and women in British Columbia, Canada: a population-based observational cohort study.The lancet. HIV · 2017Observational
- Reducing rates of preventable HIV/AIDS-associated mortality among people living with HIV who inject drugs.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIncidence of HIV-associated non-AIDS (HANA) related comorbidities is increasing in HIV-infected individuals. Our objective was to estimate the risk of HANA comorbidity associated with history of injection drug use (IDU) correctly accounting for higher death rates among people who inject drugs (PWID).
designWe followed HIV-infected persons aged 25-59 years who enrolled in the Johns Hopkins HIV Clinical Cohort between 1995 and May 2014, from enrollment until HANA comorbidity diagnosis, death, age 60, or administrative censoring.
methodsWe compared cumulative incidence ('risk'), by age, of validated diagnoses of HANA comorbidities among HIV-infected PWID and non-IDU; specifically, we considered end-stage renal disease (ESRD), end-stage liver disease (ESLD), myocardial infarction, stroke, and non-AIDS-defining cancer. We used competing risk methods appropriate to account for death, standardized to the marginal distribution of baseline covariates, and adjusted for potential differential loss-to-clinic.
resultsOf 5490 patients included in this analysis, 37% reported IDU as an HIV transmission risk. By age 55 years, PWID had higher risk of ESLD [risk difference = 6.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.9, 15.5] and ESRD (risk difference = 11.1, 95% CI: 1.2, 21.0) than did non-IDU. Risk of myocardial infarction and stroke were similar among PWID and non-IDU. Risk of non-AIDS-defining cancer was lower among PWID than among non-IDU (risk difference at 55 years: -4.9, 95% CI: -11.2, 1.3).
conclusionNot all HANA comorbidities occur with higher incidence in PWID compared with non-IDU. However, higher incidence of ESRD and ESLD among PWIDs highlights the importance of recognition and management of markers of these comorbidities in early stages among PWID.
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