ArticlePeerJ2016
Reducing bias in population and landscape genetic inferences: the effects of sampling related individuals and multiple life stages.
Article in PeerJ, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
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- No detectable effect of urbanization on genetic drift or gene flow in specialist herbivorous insects of milkweed.PloS one · 2025Article
- Disease-driven top predator decline affects mesopredator population genomic structure.Nature ecology & evolution · 2024Article
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- Global, regional, and cryptic population structure in a high gene-flow transatlantic fish.PloS one · 2023Article
- The first assessment of the genetic diversity and structure of the endangered West Indian manatee in Cuba.Genetica · 2022Article
- Chaotic genetic structure and past demographic expansion of the invasive gastropod Tritia neritea in its native range, the Mediterranean Sea.Scientific reports · 2020Article
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- Fine-scale population genetic structure of dengue mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti, in Metropolitan Manila, Philippines.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Evaluation of the Minimum Sampling Design for Population Genomic and Microsatellite Studies: An Analysis Based on Wild Maize.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Replicated Landscape Genomics Identifies Evidence of Local Adaptation to Urbanization in Wood Frogs.The Journal of heredity · 2019Article
- Landscape genetics reveals unique and shared effects of urbanization for two sympatric pool-breeding amphibians.Ecology and evolution · 2019Article
- Post-Pleistocene differentiation in a Central Interior Highlands endemic salamander.Ecology and evolution · 2019Article
- Sampling related individuals within ponds biases estimates of population structure in a pond-breeding amphibian.Ecology and evolution · 2019Article
- Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Reveal Sibship Among Founders of a Bangladeshi Rohu (Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In population or landscape genetics studies, an unbiased sampling scheme is essential for generating accurate results, but logistics may lead to deviations from the sample design. Such deviations may come in the form of sampling multiple life stages. Presently, it is largely unknown what effect sampling different life stages can have on population or landscape genetic inference, or how mixing life stages can affect the parameters being measured. Additionally, the removal of siblings from a data set is considered best-practice, but direct comparisons of inferences made with and without siblings are limited. In this study, we sampled embryos, larvae, and adult Ambystoma maculatum from five ponds in Missouri, and analyzed them at 15 microsatellite loci. We calculated allelic richness, heterozygosity and effective population sizes for each life stage at each pond and tested for genetic differentiation (F ST and D C ) and isolation-by-distance (IBD) among ponds. We tested for differences in each of these measures between life stages, and in a pooled population of all life stages. All calculations were done with and without sibling pairs to assess the effect of sibling removal. We also assessed the effect of reducing the number of microsatellites used to make inference. No statistically significant differences were found among ponds or life stages for any of the population genetic measures, but patterns of IBD differed among life stages. There was significant IBD when using adult samples, but tests using embryos, larvae, or a combination of the three life stages were not significant. We found that increasing the ratio of larval or embryo samples in the analysis of genetic distance weakened the IBD relationship, and when using D C , the IBD was no longer significant when larvae and embryos exceeded 60% of the population sample. Further, power to detect an IBD relationship was reduced when fewer microsatellites were used in the analysis.
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