ArticleOncotarget2016
Activation of mesenchymal stem cells by macrophages promotes tumor progression through immune suppressive effects.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nebulization Therapy with Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for COVID-19 Pneumonia.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2022Trial
- Macrophage plasticity in the osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment: opportunities and challenges for immunotherapy.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles: the "Trojan Horse" within breast cancer host microenvironments.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Microenvironment and Tumor Heterogeneity as Pharmacological Targets in Precision Oncology.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impact of visceral fat distribution on postoperative complications in high-aged patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery: A cross-sectional study.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Glucose Metabolism and Tumor Microenvironment: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Macrophage subtypes inhibit breast cancer proliferation in culture.Molecular biology of the cell · 2025Article
- Advances on immunotherapy for osteosarcoma.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Macrophage subtypes inhibit breast cancer proliferation in culture.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells-macrophages crosstalk and myeloid malignancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The Dual Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Pathophysiology: Pro-Tumorigenic Effects versus Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Managing the immune microenvironment of osteosarcoma: the outlook for osteosarcoma treatment.Bone research · 2023Review
- Benefit of Adjuvant Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation to Critical-Sized Peripheral Nerve Defect Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Combination of Immune Checkpoint Blockade with Tumor Vessel Normalization as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Breast Cancer: An Overview of Preclinical and Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Macrophage Repolarization as a Therapeutic Strategy for Osteosarcoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages of the M1/M2 phenotype are involved in the regulation of malignant biological behavior of breast cancer cells through the EMT pathway.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2022Article
- Engineering in vitro immune-competent tissue models for testing and evaluation of therapeutics.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Review
- Osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment: the key for the successful development of biologically relevant 3D in vitro models.In vitro models · 2022Review
- MSCs can be a double-edged sword in tumorigenesis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Bone Marrow-Derived Cells and Wound Age Estimation.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer development and progression is linked to tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Distinct TAMs subsets perform either protective or pathogenic effects in cancer. A protective role in carcinogenesis has been described for M1 macrophages, which activate antitumor mechanisms. By comparison, TAMs isolated from solid and metastatic tumors have a suppressive M2-like phenotype, which could support multiple aspects of tumor progression. Currently, it has not been clearly understood how macrophages in tumor-associated stroma could be hijacked to support tumor growth. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) actively interact with components of the innate immune system and display both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory effects. Here, we tested whether MSCs could favor the tumor to escape from immunologic surveillance in the presence of M1 macrophages. We found that MSCs educated by M1 condition medium (cMSCs) possessed a greatly enhanced ability in promoting tumor growth in vivo. Examination of cytokines/chemokines showed that the cMSCs acquired a regulatory profile, which expressed high levels of iNOS and MCP1. Consistent with an elevated MCP1 expression in cMSCs, the tumor-promoting effect of the cMSCs depended on MCP1 mediated macrophage recruitment to tumor sites. Furthermore, IL-6 secreted by the cMSCs could polarize infiltrated TAMs into M2-like macrophages. Therefore, when macrophages changed into M1 pro-inflammation type in tumor microenvironment, the MSCs would act as poor sensors and switchers to accelerate tumor growth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.