ArticleThe American journal of pathology2016
Transforming Growth Factor-β Is an Upstream Regulator of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 2-Dependent Bladder Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarker-guided strategy for Denver peritoneovenous shunts in refractory ascites: a retrospective single-center study.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Article
- Phytochemicals as Chemo-Preventive and Therapeutic Agents Against Bladder Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Investigating the impact of the inflammatory immune microenvironment and steroids or COX-2 inhibitors usage on immunotherapy in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC): a propensity score matched analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- The Clinical Value of the Combined Detection of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI), and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- TGFB1I1 promotes cell proliferation and migration in urothelial carcinoma.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Transforming growth factor-β signalling in tumour resistance to the anti-PD-(L)1 therapy: Updated.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Review
- The Upregulation of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor β/Smad Signaling in Bladder Carcinoma Cells.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Emerging Roles for Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Complexes in Bladder Cancer Progression and Therapy.Cancers · 2022Review
- The time-series behavior of systemic inflammation-immune status in predicting survival of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2022Article
- SNS-032 attenuates liver fibrosis by anti-active hepatic stellate cellsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Tumor microenvironment and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer: Cytokines in the game?Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Positive Association of Matrix Proteins Alteration with TAZ and The Progression of High-Grade Bladder Cancer.Cell journal · 2021Article
- LncRNA PLAC2 upregulates miR-663 to downregulate TGF-β1 and suppress bladder cancer cell migration and invasion.BMC urology · 2020Article
- Malignancy and IFITM3: Friend or Foe?Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- IFITM3/STAT3 axis promotes glioma cells invasion and is modulated by TGF-β.Molecular biology reports · 2020Article
- Review
- Prognostic Impact of Canonical TGF-β Signaling in Urothelial Bladder Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
- HDAC5 Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma Cell Lines Inhibits Long-Term Proliferation but Can Promote Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Elucidating the role of Agl in bladder carcinogenesis by generation and characterization of genetically engineered mice.Carcinogenesis · 2019Article
- Scientific reports concerning the impact of interleukin 4, interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor β on cancer cells.Central-European journal of immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Our prior work identified the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) as a key regulator of bladder cancer cell migration and invasion, although upstream growth factor mediators of this pathway in bladder cancer have not been well delineated. We tested whether transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, which can function as a promotility factor in bladder cancer cells, could regulate mTORC2-dependent bladder cancer cell motility and invasion. In human bladder cancers, the highest levels of phosphorylated SMAD2, a TGF-β signaling intermediate, were present in high-grade invasive bladder cancers and associated with more frequent recurrence and decreased disease-specific survival. Increased expression of TGF-β isoforms, receptors, and signaling components was detected in invasive high-grade bladder cancer cells that expressed Vimentin and lacked E-cadherin. Application of TGF-β induced phosphorylation of the Ser473 residue of AKT, a selective target of mTORC2, in a SMAD2- and SMAD4-independent manner and increased bladder cancer cell migration in a modified scratch wound assay and invasion through Matrigel. Inhibition of TGF-β receptor I using SB431542 ablated TGF-β-induced migration and invasion. A similar effect was seen when Rictor, a key mTORC2 component, was selectively silenced. Our results suggest that TGF-β can induce bladder cancer cell invasion via mTORC2 signaling, which may be applicable in most bladder cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.