ArticleThe Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association2017
Assessing Differences in the Availability of Opioid Addiction Therapy Options: Rural Versus Urban and American Indian Reservation Versus Nonreservation.
Article in The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Access to specialty healthcare in urban versus rural US populations: a systematic literature review.BMC health services research · 2019Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness implications of increasing the efficiency of the extended-release naltrexone induction process for the treatment of opioid use disorder: a secondary analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Trial
- Rural Clients' Continuity Into Follow-Up Substance Use Disorder Treatment: Impacts of Travel Time, Incentives, and Alerts.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2020Trial
- County-level vulnerability is associated with mental health and substance use treatment among rural suicide decedents: A national multi-year cross-sectional study.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- The Implementation Climate for Integrating Buprenorphine Prescribing into Rural Primary Care.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Conducting an implementation intervention study with American Indian and Alaska Native communities: Methodological considerations.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- Frame Shift: Focusing on Harm Reduction and Shared Decision Making for People Who Use Drugs Hospitalized With Infections.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Community selected strategies to reduce opioid-related overdose deaths in the HEALing (Helping to End Addiction Long-termDrug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- I Don't Believe a Person Has to Die When Trying to Get High: Overdose Prevention and Response Strategies in Rural Illinois.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Variations in national availability of waivered buprenorphine prescribers by racial and ethnic composition of zip codes.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2022Article
- Engaging Adolescents in the Fight Against Drug Abuse and Addiction: A Concept Mapping Approach.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2022Article
- Comparing the feasibility of four web-based recruitment strategies to evaluate the treatment preferences of rural and urban adults who misuse non-prescribed opioids.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Opioid use disorder treatment in rural settings: The primary care perspective.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Development of an unannounced standardized patient protocol to evaluate opioid use disorder treatment in pregnancy for American Indian and rural communities.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2021Article
- Pharmacy-based methadone dispensing and drive time to methadone treatment in five states within the United States: A cross-sectional study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Community Meetings on the Rural Opioid Crisis: Setting a Path Forward by Learning from Others.Substance abuse : research and treatment · 2020Article
- Improving Access to Evidence-Based Medical Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: Strategies to Address Key Barriers within the Treatment System.NAM perspectives · 2020Review
- Barriers and facilitators to office-based opioid agonist therapy prescribing and effective interventions to increase provider prescribing: protocol for a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2019Article
- Transgenic increase in the β-endorphin concentration in cerebrospinal fluid alleviates morphine-primed relapse behavior through the μ opioid receptor in rats.Journal of medical virology · 2019Article
- Barriers to accessing treatment for pregnant women with opioid use disorder in Appalachian states.Substance abuse · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOpioid misuse is a large public health problem in the United States. Residents of rural areas and American Indian (AI) reservation/trust lands represent traditionally underserved populations with regard to substance-use disorder therapy. PURPOSE: Assess differences in the number of opioid agonist therapy (OAT) facilities and physicians with Drug Addiction Treatment Act (DATA) waivers for rural versus urban, and AI reservation/trust land versus non-AI reservation/trust land areas in Washington State.
methodsThe unit of analysis was the ZIP code. The dependent variables were the number of OAT facilities and DATA-waivered physicians in a region per 10,000 residents aged 18-64 in a ZIP code. A region was defined as a ZIP code and its contiguous ZIP codes. The independent variables were binary measures of whether a ZIP code was classified as rural versus urban, or AI reservation/trust land versus non-AI reservation/trust land. Zero-inflated negative binomial regressions with robust standard errors were estimated.
resultsThe number of OAT clinics in a region per 10,000 ZIP-code residents was significantly lower in rural versus urban areas (P = .002). This did not differ significantly between AI reservation/trust land and non-AI reservation/trust land areas (P = .79). DATA-waivered physicians in a region per 10,000 ZIP-code residents was not significantly different between rural and urban (P = .08), or AI reservation/trust land versus non-AI reservation/trust land areas (P = .21).
conclusionsIt appears that the potential for Washington State residents of rural and AI reservation areas to receive OAT is similar to that of residents outside of those areas; however, difficulties in accessing therapy may remain, highlighting the importance of expanding health care insurance and providing support for DATA-waivered physicians.
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Registered trials
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