SynthesisDeutsches Arzteblatt international2016
The Clinical Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Otitis media guidelines for Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children: summary of recommendations.The Medical journal of Australia · 2021Pooled it
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis feasibility study to assess the comparative efficacy and comparative effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Pooled it
- Incidence of non-invasive all-cause pneumonia in children in the United States before and after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a retrospective claims database analysis.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2023Article
- Impact of industry sponsorship on the quality of systematic reviews of vaccines: a cross-sectional analysis of studies published from 2016 to 2019.Systematic reviews · 2022Article
- Construction and protective efficacy of a novelFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Impact of Switch Options on the Economics of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) Introduction in Indonesia.Vaccines · 2020Review
- Expanding the role of bacterial vaccines into life-course vaccination strategies and prevention of antimicrobial-resistant infections.NPJ vaccines · 2020Review
- Factors associated with the uptake of newly introduced childhood vaccinations in Ethiopia: the cases of rotavirus and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.BMC public health · 2019Article
- [Immunizing is not only a children's matter! : Why vaccinations are also important for adults].Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2019Review
- Modeling the economic impact of different vial-opening thresholds for measles-containing vaccines.Vaccine · 2019Article
- Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on hospitalizations for pneumonia in the United States.Expert review of vaccines · 2019Review
- Article
- Article
- Review
- Other Measures of Event Reduction.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2016Article
- In Reply.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2016Article
- Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine--Equally Effective for Everyone?Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStreptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for approximately 1.6 million yearly deaths worldwide. An up-to-date evidence base on the effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on infectious diseases and mortality in any population or setting regardless of age or health status is currently lacking.
methodsWe systematically searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for pertinent randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two reviewers independently screened 9498 titles/abstracts and 430 full-text papers for eligible trials. The outcomes of our meta-analysis were pooled using relative risks (RRs) with a random effects model or Peto's odds ratios (ORs) if event rates were :lt;1%.
results21 RCTs comprising 361 612 individuals were included. PCVs reduced the risk for invasive pneumococcal disease (odds ratio [OR]: 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.36; 0.51]), all-cause acute otitis media (AOM) (RR: 0.93, 95% CI: [0.86; 1.00]), pneumococcal AOM (RR: 0.57, 95% CI: [0.39; 0.83]), allcause pneumonia (RR: 0.93, 95% CI: [0.89; 0.97]), and pneumococcal pneumonia (RR: 0.78, 95% CI: [0.62; 0.97]). We found no significant effect of PCVs on all-cause mortality (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: [0.88; 1.03]) or recurrent AOM (RR: 0.87, 95% CI: [0.72; 1.05]).
conclusionPCVs are associated with large risk reductions for pneumococcal infectious diseases, smaller risk reductions for infectious diseases from any cause, and no significant effect on all-cause mortality.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.