Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26987441›Full record

ArticleMicrobiologyOpen2016

The HigB/HigA toxin/antitoxin system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa influences the virulence factors pyochelin, pyocyanin, and biofilm formation.

Thammajun L Wood, Thomas K Wood

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in MicrobiologyOpen, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Virulence factors ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Genomic analysis of prophages in 44 clinical strains ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Thammajun L WoodDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802.
Thomas K WoodDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802.
Pennsylvania State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems are prevalent in most bacterial and archaeal genomes, and one of the emerging physiological roles of TA systems is to help regulate pathogenicity. Although TA systems have been studied in several model organisms, few studies have investigated the role of TA systems in pseudomonads. Here, we demonstrate that the previously uncharacterized proteins HigB (unannotated) and HigA (PA4674) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 form a type II TA system in which antitoxin HigA masks the RNase activity of toxin HigB through direct binding. Furthermore, toxin HigB reduces production of the virulence factors pyochelin, pyocyanin, swarming, and biofilm formation; hence, this system affects the pathogencity of this strain in a manner that has not been demonstrated previously for TA systems.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceBacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsBiofilmsCloning, MolecularEscherichia coliOligopeptidesPhenolsPseudomonas aeruginosaPyocyanineThiazolesVirulence FactorsBacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsOligopeptidesPhenolspyochelinPyocyaninepyocynase, Pseudomonas aeruginosapyoverdinThiazolesVirulence FactorsbiofilmHigAHigBpyochelinpyocyanintoxin/antitoxin systemvirulence factors

Identifiers

PMID26987441
PMCPMC4906001
OpenAlexW2329413502

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.