ArticleSAGE open medicine2016
The financial burden of out-of-pocket expenses in the United States and Canada: How different is the United States?
Article in SAGE open medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Financial Protection Indexes and the Iranian Health Transformation Plan: A Systematic Review.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The IMPACT Survey: The Economic Impact of Caring for an Individual with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Direct Economic Burden of Post-Cancer Treatment Pain Among Cancer Survivors in the United States: A Population-Based Retrospective Longitudinal Study.The International journal of health planning and management · 2025Article
- Healthcare utilisation and economic burden of cancer on Indian households.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Potential profile analysis of financial toxicity and its related factors among lung cancer patients.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Higher Out-of-pocket Expenses are Associated with Worse Health-related Quality of Life in Burn Survivors: A Northwest Regional Burn Model System Investigation.Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association · 2023Article
- Telerehabilitation acceptance among patients during Circuit Breaker period: A retrospective study.Dialogues in health · 2022Article
- Comparison of catastrophic out-of-pocket medical expenditure among older adults in the United States and South Korea: what affects the apparent difference?BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Article
- Strategies for reducing out of pocket payments in the health system: a scoping review.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2021Article
- Uneven economic burden of non-communicable diseases among Indian households: A comparative analysis.PloS one · 2021Article
- Effects of improvements in the CPS on the estimated prevalence of medical financial burdens.Health services research · 2019Article
- Prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults who reported medical cost as a barrier to seeking health care: findings from a nationally representative sample.BMC geriatrics · 2019Article
- A Worldwide Price Comparison of Glaucoma Medications, Laser Trabeculoplasty, and Trabeculectomy Surgery.JAMA ophthalmology · 2018Article
- The financial burden and distress of patients with cancer: Understanding and stepping-up action on the financial toxicity of cancer treatment.CA: a cancer journal for clinicians · 2018Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis article compares the burden that medical cost-sharing requirements place on households in the United States and Canada. It estimates the probability that individuals with similar demographic features in the two countries have large medical expenses relative to income.
methodThe study uses 2010 nationally representative household survey data harmonized for cross-national comparisons to identify individuals with high medical expenses relative to income. Using logistic regression, it estimates the probability of high expenses occurring among 10 different demographic groups in the two countries.
resultsThe results show the risk of large medical expenses in the United States is 1.5-4 times higher than it is in Canada, depending on the demographic group and spending threshold used. The United States compares least favorably when evaluating poorer citizens and when using a higher spending threshold.
conclusionRecent health care reforms can be expected to reduce Americans' catastrophic health expenses, but it will take very large reductions in out-of-pocket expenditures-larger than can be expected-if poorer and middle-class families are to have the financial protection from high health care costs that their counterparts in Canada have.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.