ArticleBMC genomics2016
Paralog analyses reveal gene duplication events and genes under positive selection in Ixodes scapularis and other ixodid ticks.
Article in BMC genomics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Evolution and co-evolution: insights into the divergence of plant heat shock factor genes.Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2022Article
- Combinatorial CRISPR screen identifies fitness effects of gene paralogues.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Multi-responses of O-methyltransferase genes to salt stress and fiber development of Gossypium species.BMC plant biology · 2021Article
- In silico functional and evolutionary analyses of rubber oxygenases (RoxA and RoxB).3 Biotech · 2020Article
- Counterattacking the tick bite: towards a rational design of anti-tick vaccines targeting pathogen transmission.Parasites & vectors · 2019Review
- Genome size variation in deep-sea amphipods.Royal Society open science · 2017Article
- A Roadmap for Tick-Borne Flavivirus Research in the "Omics" Era.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Review
- Gene Duplication and Protein Evolution in Tick-Host Interactions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Review
- Global map of oxytocin/vasopressin-like neuropeptide signalling in insects.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Genomic insights into the Ixodes scapularis tick vector of Lyme disease.Nature communications · 2016Article
- Tick Genome Assembled: New Opportunities for Research on Tick-Host-Pathogen Interactions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHard ticks (family Ixodidae) are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites of worldwide medical and veterinary importance. The haploid genomes of multiple species of ixodid ticks exceed 1 Gbp, prompting questions regarding gene, segmental and whole genome duplication in this phyletic group. The availability of the genome assembly for the black legged tick, Ixodes scapularis, and transcriptome datasets for multiple species of ticks offers an opportunity to assess the contribution of gene duplication to the genome. Here we developed a bioinformatics pipeline to identify and analyze duplicated genes (paralogs) using gene models from the prostriate tick, I. scapularis IscaW1.1 annotation and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from I. scapularis and the metastriate ticks, Rhipicephalus microplus (southern cattle tick), R. appendiculatus (brown ear tick) and Amblyomma variegatum (tropical bont tick).
resultsApproximately 1-2% of I. scapularis gene models and 2-14% of ESTs from the four species represent duplicated genes. The ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitution rates suggests ~ 25% of duplicated genes are under positive selection pressure in each species. Analyses of synonymous substitution rates provide evidence for two duplication events in I. scapularis and R. microplus involving several hundred genes. Conservative molecular clock estimates based on synonymous substitution rates for species of Anopheles mosquitoes and the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, suggest these events occurred within the last 50 MYA. Mapping of paralogs to the I. scapularis genome assembly supports tandem, or possibly segmental duplication events.
conclusionsThe present study marks the first genome-level analyses of gene duplication for the Ixodidae and provides insights into mechanisms shaping genome evolution in this group. At least two duplication events involving hundreds of genes may have occurred independently in the lineages prostriata and metastriata, with tandem and segmental duplication the most likely mechanisms for paralog generation. Duplicated genes under positive selection pressure may be linked to emerging functions in the tick and represent important candidates for further study.
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