Trial reportEBioMedicine2016
Vitamin D, D-dimer, Interferon γ, and sCD14 Levels are Independently Associated with Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: A Prospective, International Study.
Trial report in EBioMedicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D status and risk of incident tuberculosis disease: A nested case-control study, systematic review, and individual-participant data meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Vitamin D status and associated factors among HIV-infected children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Kampala, Uganda.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Adjunct N-Acetylcysteine Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With HIV-Associated Tuberculosis Dampens the Oxidative Stress in Peripheral Blood: Results From the RIPENACTB Study Trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Antiretroviral drug therapy does not reduce neuroinflammation in an HIV-1 infection brain organoid model.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Advances in Antiretroviral Therapy for Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Tuberculosis.Viruses · 2024Review
- Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome-An Extempore Game of Misfiring with Defense Arsenals.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Depression and HIV: a scoping review in search of neuroimmune biomarkers.Brain communications · 2023Article
- Tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-negative children.Respirology case reports · 2022Article
- Association between CD4BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- An Inflammatory Composite Score Predicts Mycobacterial Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in People with Advanced HIV: A Prospective International Cohort Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Observational
- Systemic Inflammation Associated with Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Persons Living with HIV.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Dynamics of T-Lymphocyte Activation Related to Paradoxical Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Persons With Advanced HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Association of CD4 T cell count and optimal timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and all-cause mortality for HIV-infected adults with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2021Review
- Tuberculosis IRIS: Pathogenesis, Presentation, and Management across the Spectrum of Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Prospective International Study of Incidence and Predictors of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome and Death in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Severe Lymphopenia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Lipid mediators of inflammation and Resolution in individuals with tuberculosis and tuberculosis-Diabetes.Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators · 2020Article
- Treatment with Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitors, History of Allergy, and Hypercalcemia Are Risk Factors of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV-Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- A Phase I, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study of CC-11050 in People Living With HIV With Suppressed Plasma Viremia on Antiretroviral Therapy (APHRODITE).Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Immune Reconstitution Disorders: Spotlight on Interferons.International journal of biomedical investigation · 2019Article
- The tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: recent advances in clinical and pathogenesis research.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To determine the immunological profile most important for IRIS prediction, we evaluated 20 baseline plasma biomarkers in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). Patients were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled ART initiation trial in South Africa and Mexico to test whether maraviroc could prevent IRIS. Participants were classified prospectively as having IRIS within 6 months of ART initiation. Twenty plasma biomarkers were measured at study enrollment for 267 participants. Biomarkers were tested for predicting IRIS with adjustment for covariates chosen through forward stepwise selection. Sixty-two participants developed IRIS and of these 19 were tuberculosis (TB)-IRIS. Baseline levels of vitamin D and higher d-dimer, interferon gamma (IFNγ), and sCD14 were independently associated with risk of IRIS in multivariate analyses. TB-IRIS cases exhibited a distinct biosignature from IRIS related to other pathogens, with increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), sCD14, IFNγ, and lower levels of Hb that could be captured by a composite risk score. Elevated markers of Type 1 T helper (Th1) response, monocyte activation, coagulation and low vitamin D were independently associated with IRIS risk. Interventions that decrease immune activation and increase vitamin D levels warrant further study.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.