ArticleInfectious agents and cancer2016
Human papillomavirus infection and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of case-control studies.
Article in Infectious agents and cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk factors for breast cancer: an umbrella review of observational cohort studies and causal relationship analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- An updated systemic review and meta-analysis on human papillomavirus in breast carcinogenesis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Dietary intakes of citrus fruit and risk of gastric cancer incidence: an adaptive meta-analysis of cohort studies.Epidemiology and health · 2016Pooled it
- HPV DNA Detection and Genotyping in Basal-Like Breast Carcinoma: Insights into a Possible Viral Association.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Human papillomavirus-related syntaxin 11 reprograms tumor-associated macrophages to induce breast cancer cell apoptosis via PI3K/AKT signaling.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- The association between infectious agents and breast cancer: a review of the epidemiologic evidence.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Review
- Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Markers among the Women with Breast Cancer.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2024Article
- Low presence of papillomavirus and its lack of correlation with clinicopathological factors in breast cancer: a case control study.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Polyomaviruses and Herpesviruses in Moroccan Breast Cancer.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- HPV-Associated Breast Cancer: Myth or Fact?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus DNA in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Specimens.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Article
- Review
- Low frequency of HPV positivity in breast tumors among patients from south-central Poland.Infectious agents and cancer · 2021Article
- Papillomaviruses in Domestic Cats.Viruses · 2021Review
- Human Papillomavirus in Breast Carcinogenesis: A Passenger, a Cofactor, or a Causal Agent?Biology · 2021Review
- Cancer Progress and Priorities: Breast Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Review
- Oncogenic human papillomavirus in breast cancer: molecular prevalence in a group of Congolese patients.Access microbiology · 2021Article
- Assessment of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Risk Factors in Egyptian Women With Breast Cancer.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough systematic reviews (SR) report that human papillomavirus (HPV) increases the risk of breast cancer, there are still disputes regarding this association. In particular, it has been argued that the risk level differs depending on nationality, type of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year. Considering that the searching year of publication for the previous SRs was June 2013, a renewal meta-analysis needs to be conducted.
methodsUsing articles selected in the previous SRs, we compiled a list of references, cited articles, and related articles from the PubMed and Scopus databases. Of these, only publications with data from case-control studies on HPV DNA-positivity in tissues were chosen. Summary odds ratio (SOR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated through meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was performed for nationality, types of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year.
resultsTwenty-two case-control studies were selected, and the total number of individuals in the case and control group was 1897 and 948, respectively. According to the meta-analysis about the 22 publications, HPV infection increased the risk of breast cancer (SOR = 4.02, 95 % CI: 2.42-6.68; I-squared = 44.7 %). Statistical significance was not found in meta-regression performed on the four variables of nationality, type of tissue, subtype of HPV, and publication year which some researchers think sources of heterogeneity.
conclusionsThe results of the present study supported the argument that HPV infection increases the risk of breast cancer. Age-matched case-control studies are in need in the future.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.