ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2016
Frequency of Lipohypertrophy and Associated Risk Factors in Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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25 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipodystrophy and associated factors among patients with diabetes receiving insulin therapy: a multicenter study in Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Lipodystrophy With an Uncommon Clinical Presentation in a Patient With Insulin-Requiring Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Cureus · 2024Article
- Lipohypertrophy and Insulin: An Update From the Diabetes Technology Society.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Article
- Insulin-induced lipodystrophy and predisposing factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in a tertiary care Egyptian center.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2023Article
- The Impact of Insulin-Induced Lipodystrophy on Glycemic Variability in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Glycemic control among children and adolescents with diabetes in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2022Article
- Gender Differences in Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Lipohypertrophy in Insulin-Exposed Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Review
- Lipohypertrophy prevalence and its associated risk factors in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes in North Borneo, Malaysia.Belitung nursing journal · 2022Article
- Insulin-induced Lipohypertrophy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with an Insulin Pump.International journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
- Article
- A Systematic Survey of Physicians' Insights Into Lipohypertrophy.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Insulin injection practices among youngsters with diabetes in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2020Article
- A Coloured Pen Needle Education System Improves Insulin Site Rotation Habits: Results of a Randomized Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020Article
- Insulin-Induced Skin Lipohypertrophy in Type 2 Diabetes: a Multicenter Regional Survey in Southern Italy.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020Article
- The prevalence of lipohypertrophy and its associated factors among Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2020Article
- A Systematic Review of Ultrasound-Detected Lipohypertrophy in Insulin-Exposed People with Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Review
- Lipohypertrophy in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: Prevalence and Risk Factors.Journal of caring sciences · 2018Article
- Skin-Related Complications Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Using Insulin Pump Therapy.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2018Article
- Effect of Insulin-Induced Lipodystrophy on Glycemic Control among Children and Adolescents with Diabetes in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Journal of diabetes research · 2018Article
- Insulin-Related Lipohypertrophy: Lipogenic Action or Tissue Trauma?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
introductionThe objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of lipohypertrophy (LH) and the associated risk factors in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 174 patients with T1DM (aged 13-18 years) treated with multiple daily insulin injections for a minimum duration of 1 year. The study was performed at the Diabetes Treatment Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), between July 2015 and September 2015. Information regarding patients' age, weight, height, adjusted body mass index (BMI), period of the diabetic condition, length of needle used, number of injections per day, injection locations, insulin regimen, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were recorded. LH was assessed using the palpation technique.
resultsNearly 46% of patients were found to reuse needles, while 42.5% failed to alternate the injection site and 23% revealed unexplained hypoglycemic events. A substantial percentage of patients (approximately 47%) showed grade 1 LH, followed by 33.7% with grade 2 and 19.3% with grade 3 LH. A higher frequency of LH was observed in the thigh region (n = 28, 33.7%) than in the arm, which was second highest (n = 23, 27.7%). Patients aged ≥16 years showed a higher frequency of LH than those aged <16 years. Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus had a greater likelihood of having LH (59.5%) than those with controlled diabetes (20.8%). Significant differences in LH were observed based on needle length, needle reuse, and rotation of the injection sites. On performing regression analysis, the independent risk factors for LH were found to be as follows: higher BMI, higher HbA1c, a higher number of injection sites, a higher rate of needle reuse and failed to alternate the injection site.
conclusionAs the frequency of LH was found to be high in Saudi patients with T1DM, it is essential to educate patients on the risk factors for LH and on diabetic control.
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