Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26977407›Full record

ArticleEpilepsy & behavior case reports2016

Challenges in identifying Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in adults: A case series illustrating its changing nature.

Jesus Eric Piña-Garza, Steve Chung, Georgia D Montouris, Rodney A Radtke, Trevor Resnick, Robert T Wechsler

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Epilepsy & behavior case reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jesus Eric Piña-GarzaThe Children's Hospital at TriStar Centennial Medical Center, 330 23rd Ave North, Suite 450, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Steve ChungBanner University Medical Center, 1012 E Willetta Street, Suite 54, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA.
Georgia D MontourisBoston University School of Medicine, 72 E Concord Street C-3, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Rodney A RadtkeDuke University Hospital, DUMC 102350, 297 Hanes House, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Trevor ResnickDepartment of Neurology, Miami Children's Hospital, 3100 SW 62nd Ave, Miami, FL 33155, USA.
Robert T WechslerIdaho Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, 1499 W Hays St, Boise, ID 83702, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The variable presentation and progression of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) can make it difficult to recognize, particularly in adults. To improve diagnosis, a retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who were diagnosed as adults and/or were followed for several years after diagnosis. We present 5 cases that illustrate changes in LGS features over time. Cases 1 and 2 were diagnosed by age 8 with intractable seizures, developmental delay, and abnormal EEGs with 1.5-2 Hz SSW discharges. However, seizure type and frequency changed over time for both patients, and the incidence of SSW discharges decreased. Cases 3, 4, and 5 were diagnosed with LGS as adults based on current and past features and symptoms, including treatment-resistant seizures, cognitive and motor impairment, and abnormal EEG findings. While incomplete, their records indicate that an earlier LGS diagnosis may have been missed or lost to history. These cases demonstrate the need to thoroughly and continuously evaluate all aspects of a patient's encephalopathy, bearing in mind the potential for LGS features to change over time.

Indexed as

AdultDiagnosisEEG, electroencephalogramFeaturesLennox–Gastaut syndromeLGSLGS, Lennox–Gastaut syndromeSSW, slow spike–wave dischargeSW, spike–wave dischargeSymptoms

Identifiers

PMID26977407
PMCPMC4782006

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.