Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26976287›Full record

Trial reportJournal of general internal medicine2016

Individual Versus Team-Based Financial Incentives to Increase Physical Activity: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Mitesh S Patel, David A Asch, Roy Rosin, Dylan S Small, Scarlett L Bellamy, Kimberly Eberbach, Karen J Walters, Nancy Haff, Samantha M Lee, Lisa Wesby and 8 more

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of general internal medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 76 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02001194 nacompletednot on this map

A Randomized Trial of Behavioral Economic Interventions to Improve Physical Activities: Team Incentives

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of PennsylvaniaRan2014 to 2014Enrolled304ConditionsSedentary EmployeesArmsIndividual Incentives, Team Incentives, Individual plus Team Incentives
NCT03833219 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Comparative Effectiveness of Financial Incentives and Smartphone-based Nudges to Reduce Cellphone Use While Driving Among Auto Insurance Policy Holders With Usage Based Insurance Policies

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of PennsylvaniaRan2019 to 2020Enrolled2,108ConditionsAutomobile AccidentArmsWeekly feedback, End of intervention period incentive, Loss-framed weekly incentive
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  20. A randomized, controlled, behavioral intervention to promote walking after abdominal organ transplantation: results from the LIFT study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2020
    Trial

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Mitesh S PatelPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mpatel@upenn.edu.
David A AschPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Roy RosinPenn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Dylan S SmallThe Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Scarlett L BellamyPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Kimberly EberbachIndependence Blue Cross, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Karen J WaltersIndependence Blue Cross, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Nancy HaffDepartment of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Samantha M LeeColumbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Lisa WesbyLDI Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Karen HofferLDI Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
David ShuttleworthLDI Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Devon H TaylorLDI Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Victoria HilbertLDI Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jingsan ZhuLDI Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Lin YangLDI Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Xingmei WangLDI Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Kevin G VolppPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Funding

A Randomized Trial of Behavioral Economic Interventions to Reduce CVD RiskRC4AG039114 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ASCH, DAVID A, VOLPP, KEVIN G · 2010 to 2010
$12.5M
The Penn Roybal Center on Behavioral Economics and Health: Solving for Scale and Impact with Design Thinking, Digital Platforms, and Dynamic AdaptationP30AG034546 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Alison Meredith Buttenheim · 2009 to 2026
$10.6M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG034546NIA NIH HHS RC4 AG039114
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMore than half of adults in the United States do not attain the minimum recommended level of physical activity to achieve health benefits. The optimal design of financial incentives to promote physical activity is unknown.

objectiveTo compare the effectiveness of individual versus team-based financial incentives to increase physical activity.

designRandomized, controlled trial comparing three interventions to control.

participantsThree hundred and four adult employees from an organization in Philadelphia formed 76 four-member teams.

interventionsAll participants received daily feedback on performance towards achieving a daily 7000 step goal during the intervention (weeks 1- 13) and follow-up (weeks 14- 26) periods. The control arm received no other intervention. In the three financial incentive arms, drawings were held in which one team was selected as the winner every other day during the 13-week intervention. A participant on a winning team was eligible as follows: $50 if he or she met the goal (individual incentive), $50 only if all four team members met the goal (team incentive), or $20 if he or she met the goal individually and $10 more for each of three teammates that also met the goal (combined incentive). MAIN MEASURES: Mean proportion of participant-days achieving the 7000 step goal during the intervention. KEY

resultsCompared to the control group during the intervention period, the mean proportion achieving the 7000 step goal was significantly greater for the combined incentive (0.35 vs. 0.18, difference: 0.17, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.07-0.28, p <0.001) but not for the individual incentive (0.25 vs 0.18, difference: 0.08, 95 % CI: -0.02-0.18, p = 0.13) or the team incentive (0.17 vs 0.18, difference: -0.003, 95 % CI: -0.11-0.10, p = 0.96). The combined incentive arm participants also achieved the goal at significantly greater rates than the team incentive (0.35 vs. 0.17, difference: 0.18, 95 % CI: 0.08-0.28, p < 0.001), but not the individual incentive (0.35 vs. 0.25, difference: 0.10, 95 % CI: -0.001-0.19, p = 0.05). Only the combined incentive had greater mean daily steps than control (difference: 1446, 95 % CI: 448-2444, p ≤ 0.005). There were no significant differences between arms during the follow-up period (weeks 14- 26).

conclusionsFinancial incentives rewarded for a combination of individual and team performance were most effective for increasing physical activity.

trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02001194.

Indexed as

Health PromotionMotivationAdultExerciseFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRewardWalkingWeight Lossbehavioral economicsconnected healthfinancial incentivesphysical activitysmartphonesstep countsteams

Identifiers

PMID26976287
PMCPMC4907949

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.