Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26974409›Full record

ArticleNature materials2016

Paramagnetic fluorinated nanoemulsions for sensitive cellular fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging.

Alexander A Kislukhin, Hongyan Xu, Stephen R Adams, Kazim H Narsinh, Roger Y Tsien, Eric T Ahrens

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed
9.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 174 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. TargetedJournal of nanobiotechnology · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Synthesis, Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Fe(BIP)Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  6. MnChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. An Fe complex forChemical science · 2023
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Perfluorocarbons: A perspective of theranostic applications and challenges.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023
    Review
  15. Multinuclear MRI in Drug Discovery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  16. Article
  17. An ActivatableChemistryOpen · 2022
    Article
  18. Paramagnetic encoding of molecules.Nature communications · 2022
    Article
  19. A Multifunctional Contrast Agent forBioconjugate chemistry · 2022
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alexander A KislukhinDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Hongyan XuDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Stephen R AdamsDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Kazim H NarsinhDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Roger Y TsienDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Eric T AhrensDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
University of California, San Diego · US

Funding

UCSD Cancer Center Training Program in Drug DevelopmentT32CA121938 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Michael Bouvet, Dwayne G. Stupack · 2006 to 2026
$10.3M
CLINICAL TRANSLATION OF 19F MRI TO VISUALIZE CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC CELLSR01CA134633 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI AHRENS, ERIC T., COHEN, EZRA · 2009 to 2021
$4.4M
Injectable reporters to image tumors and guide resectionR01CA158448 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI NGUYEN, QUYEN · 2011 to 2015
$3.1M
Compositions and methods for enhanced fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging cell trackingR01EB024015 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI AHRENS, ERIC T. · 2017 to 2020
$2.3M
Intracellular oxygen sensing using 19F MRIR01EB017271 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI AHRENS, ERIC T. · 2013 to 2016
$1.3M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA134633NCI NIH HHS R01 CA158448NCI NIH HHS T32 CA121938NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB017271NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB024015
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging ((19)F MRI) probes enable quantitative in vivo detection of cell therapies and inflammatory cells. Here, we describe the formulation of perfluorocarbon-based nanoemulsions with improved sensitivity for cellular MRI. Reduction of the (19)F spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) enables rapid imaging and an improved signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving cell detection sensitivity. We synthesized metal-binding β-diketones conjugated to linear perfluoropolyether (PFPE), formulated these fluorinated ligands as aqueous nanoemulsions, and then metallated them with various transition and lanthanide ions in the fluorous phase. Iron(III) tris-β-diketonate ('FETRIS') nanoemulsions with PFPE have low cytotoxicity (<20%) and superior MRI properties. Moreover, the (19)F T1 can readily be reduced by an order of magnitude and tuned by stoichiometric modulation of the iron concentration. The resulting (19)F MRI detection sensitivity is enhanced by three- to fivefold over previously used tracers at 11.7 T, and is predicted to increase by at least eightfold at the clinical field strength of 3 T.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell Line, TumorFerric CompoundsFluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance ImagingFluorocarbonsMiceRatsSensitivity and SpecificityFerric CompoundsFluorocarbons

Identifiers

PMID26974409
PMCPMC5053764
OpenAlexW2293288999

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.