ArticleJCI insight
Glioblastoma-infiltrated innate immune cells resemble M0 macrophage phenotype.
Article in JCI insight. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 322 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
322 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Blood-Based Biomarkers for Glioma in the Context of Gliomagenesis: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- The Microbiome in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Tumor-Immune Interactions, and Translational Perspectives.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Complement receptor C3aR marks heterogeneous tumor-associated macrophage states associated with improved survival in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Chemokine-chemokine receptor axis: Emerging immunotherapeutic paradigms for solid tumor microenvironment reprogramming.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Endogenous immune recruitment in glioblastoma CAR T therapy: cytokine, myeloid, and chemokine circuitry.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- [ACS omega · 2026Article
- Article
- cRGD-Functionalized macrophage extracellular vesicles loaded with GSK2033 enhance T cell antitumor immunity in GBM by disrupting the LXR/ABCA1-Mediated Myelin lipid transfer axis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- The chemokine network in triple-negative breast cancer: its role in immune microenvironment regulation, and prospects for targeted therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal and metabolic heterogeneity of tumor-associated macrophages in glioblastoma: from single-cell insights to therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Next-generation immunotherapy biologics for glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Reprogramming the immunosuppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma: the microglia-MDSC-Treg axis and translational therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- The paracrine effects of tumor cells on endothelial cells and macrophages in brain metastases with different primary sites.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Glioma‑associated microglia and macrophages as a potential target for mTOR inhibition in glioblastoma.Molecular medicine reports · 2025Article
- m6A regulators-based gene expression pattern is associated with immune microenvironment characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- cGAS-agonistic spherical nucleic acids reprogram the glioblastoma immune microenvironment and promote antitumor immunity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Review
- Transglutaminase 2 function in glioblastoma tumor efferocytosis.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Single-dose radiotherapy is more effective than fractionation when combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
262 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastomas are highly infiltrated by diverse immune cells, including microglia, macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Understanding the mechanisms by which glioblastoma-associated myeloid cells (GAMs) undergo metamorphosis into tumor-supportive cells, characterizing the heterogeneity of immune cell phenotypes within glioblastoma subtypes, and discovering new targets can help the design of new efficient immunotherapies. In this study, we performed a comprehensive battery of immune phenotyping, whole-genome microarray analysis, and microRNA expression profiling of GAMs with matched blood monocytes, healthy donor monocytes, normal brain microglia, nonpolarized M0 macrophages, and polarized M1, M2a, M2c macrophages. Glioblastoma patients had an elevated number of monocytes relative to healthy donors. Among CD11b
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.