ArticleFrontiers in plant science2016
Avirulence Genes in Cereal Powdery Mildews: The Gene-for-Gene Hypothesis 2.0.
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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33 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- An HMA-like integrated domain in the wheat tandem kinase WTK4 recognises an RNase-like pathogen effector.Nature communications · 2026Article
- What makes a mycoparasite? Candidate effectors from fungi that parasitize other fungi exhibit structural homology to those of fungal plant pathogens.Fungal biology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Virulence on Pm4 kinase-based resistance is determined by two divergent wheat powdery mildew effectors.Nature plants · 2026Article
- The Wheat NLR Protein PM3b Localises to Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites and Interacts With AVRPM3Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Whole genome regulatory effect ofmBio · 2024Article
- Contribution of Duplicated Nucleotide-Binding Leucine-Rich Repeat (NLR) Genes to Wheat Disease Resistance.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A secreted protease-like protein in Zymoseptoria tritici is responsible for avirulence on Stb9 resistance gene in wheat.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Approaches to Reduce Rice Blast Disease Using Knowledge from Host Resistance and Pathogen Pathogenicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Advances in the Mining of Disease Resistance Genes fromPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Disentangling the complex gene interaction networks between rice and the blast fungus identifies a new pathogen effector.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- Wheat genomic study for genetic improvement of traits in China.Science China. Life sciences · 2022Review
- Identification of Pathogenicity Loci inGenes · 2022Article
- Review
- Combating powdery mildew: Advances in molecular interactions betweenFrontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- Infection Strategies and Pathogenicity of Biotrophic Plant Fungal Pathogens.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Characterization of the Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Leaf Rust Carried by the Bread Wheat Cultivar Victo.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- A highly differentiated region of wheat chromosome 7AL encodes a Pm1a immune receptor that recognizes its corresponding AvrPm1a effector from Blumeria graminis.The New phytologist · 2021Article
- An Avirulence Gene Cluster in the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp.mSphere · 2020Article
- Genes Encoding Recognition of theG3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Article
- Transcriptome-wide association study identifies putative elicitors/suppressor of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici that modulate barley rpg4-mediated stem rust resistance.BMC genomics · 2019Article
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5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The gene-for-gene hypothesis states that for each gene controlling resistance in the host, there is a corresponding, specific gene controlling avirulence in the pathogen. Allelic series of the cereal mildew resistance genes Pm3 and Mla provide an excellent system for genetic and molecular analysis of resistance specificity. Despite this opportunity for molecular research, avirulence genes in mildews remain underexplored. Earlier work in barley powdery mildew (B.g. hordei) has shown that the reaction to some Mla resistance alleles is controlled by multiple genes. Similarly, several genes are involved in the specific interaction of wheat mildew (B.g. tritici) with the Pm3 allelic series. We found that two mildew genes control avirulence on Pm3f: one gene is involved in recognition by the resistance protein as demonstrated by functional studies in wheat and the heterologous host Nicotiana benthamiana. A second gene is a suppressor, and resistance is only observed in mildew genotypes combining the inactive suppressor and the recognized Avr. We propose that such suppressor/avirulence gene combinations provide the basis of specificity in mildews. Depending on the particular gene combinations in a mildew race, different genes will be genetically identified as the "avirulence" gene. Additionally, the observation of two LINE retrotransposon-encoded avirulence genes in B.g. hordei further suggests that the control of avirulence in mildew is more complex than a canonical gene-for-gene interaction. To fully understand the mildew-cereal interactions, more knowledge on avirulence determinants is needed and we propose ways how this can be achieved based on recent advances in the field.
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