ArticleAtherosclerosis2016
Relations of circulating GDF-15, soluble ST2, and troponin-I concentrations with vascular function in the community: The Framingham Heart Study.
Article in Atherosclerosis, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Mortality Prediction by Circulating GDF-15 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Biomolecules · 2022Pooled it
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- Current Attainments on Nanobiosensors for Diagnosing Atherosclerosis Biomarkers.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Diagnostic and short-term prognosis value of serum ox-LDL/LOX-1 and GDF-15 in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Proteomic machine-learning signatures associated with carotid plaque: A population-based hypothesis-generating study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Associations Between Lead and Cadmium Exposure and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Adults.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Article
- A Multicenter Study for Establishing Reference Intervals of Serum GDF-15 Levels Based on the Chinese Population.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Role of GDF-15 in diabetic nephropathy: mechanisms, diagnosis, and therapeutic potential.International urology and nephrology · 2025Review
- Incremental values of AOPP, IL-6, and GDF15 for identifying arteriosclerosis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Soluble ST2 in Heart Failure: A Clinical Role beyond B-Type Natriuretic Peptide.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Review
- Article
- Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) in endocrinology.Endocrine · 2023Review
- Serum growth differentiation factor-15 and non-esterified fatty acid levels in patients with coronary artery disease and hyperuricemia.Lipids in health and disease · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular biomarkers in body fluids: progress and prospects in optical sensors.Biophysical reviews · 2022Review
- Cardiovascular Biomarkers: Lessons of the Past and Prospects for the Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Association of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 with Arterial Stiffness and Endothelial Function in Subpopulations of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Proof-of-Concept Study.Recent advances in inflammation & allergy drug discovery · 2022Article
- Elevated circulating growth differentiation factor 15 is related to decreased heart rate variability in chronic kidney disease patients.Renal failure · 2021Observational
- Role of GDF-15, YKL-40 and MMP 9 in patients with end-stage kidney disease: focus on sex-specific associations with vascular outcomes and all-cause mortality.Biology of sex differences · 2021Article
- Association of Mildly Reduced Kidney Function With Cardiovascular Disease: The Framingham Heart Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Observational
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsGrowth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), soluble (s)ST2, and high-sensitivity troponin-I (hs-TnI) are associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) including heart failure, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated if GDF-15, sST2, and hs-TnI are related to subclinical vascular dysfunction in the community, which may explain the relations of these biomarkers with CVD.
methodsWe evaluated 1823 Framingham Study participants (mean age 61 ± 10 years, 54% women) who underwent routine assessment of vascular function. We related circulating GDF-15, sST2, and hs-TnI concentrations to measures of arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, CFPWV; augmentation index; and forward pressure wave amplitude, FW), endothelial-dependent vasodilation (flow-mediated dilation, FMD), and baseline and hyperemic brachial flow velocities using linear regression adjusting for standard risk factors.
resultsAfter multivariable adjustment, GDF-15 levels were positively associated with CFPWV (0.044 [95% confidence interval 0.007-0.081] standard deviation [SD] change per SD increase in loge[GDF-15], p = 0.02) and FW (0.076 [0.026-0.126] SD change per SD increase in loge[GDF-15], p = 0.003) and inversely related to FMD (-0.051 [-0.101-0.0003] SD change per SD increase in loge[GDF-15], p = 0.048). sST2 was positively associated with CFPWV (0.032 [0.0005-0.063] SD change per SD increase in loge[sST2], p = 0.046), and hs-TnI inversely associated with hyperemic flow velocity (-0.041 [-0.082-0.0004] SD change per SD increase in loge[hs-TnI], p = 0.048).
conclusionIn our community-based investigation, individual cardiac stress biomarkers were differentially related to select aspects of vascular function. These findings may contribute to the associations of circulating GDF-15, sST2, and hs-TnI with incident CVD and heart failure.
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