ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2016
Control of Legionella Contamination and Risk of Corrosion in Hospital Water Networks following Various Disinfection Procedures.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ozonation Eliminates Viable but Not CulturablePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sustainable application of biocides to promote hygiene and minimize antimicrobial resistance.Sustainable microbiology · 2024Review
- Water Safety Plan, Monochloramine Disinfection and Extensive Environmental Sampling Effectively ControlMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
- Tenets of a holistic approach to drinking water-associated pathogen research, management, and communication.Water research · 2022Review
- Risk assessment and quantitative measurement along with monitoring ofNew microbes and new infections · 2022Article
- Legionellosis Caused by Non-Microorganisms · 2021Review
- The impact of pipeline changes and temperature increase in a hospital historically colonised with Legionella.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Safety and Effectiveness of Monochloramine Treatment for Disinfecting Hospital Water Networks.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Characterisation of Microbial Community Associated with Different Disinfection Treatments in Hospital hot Water Networks.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Chemical disinfection in healthcare settings: critical aspects for the development of global strategies.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2020Article
- The Impact of Storms onFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Advances inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Electrically heatable carbon nanotube point-of-use filters for effective separation and in-situ inactivation ofChemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996) · 2019Article
- Ten Questions Concerning the Aerosolization and Transmission of Legionella in the Built Environment.Building and environment · 2017Article
- Application of Hydrogen Peroxide as an Innovative Method of Treatment for Legionella Control in a Hospital Water Network.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Physical and chemical disinfection methods have been proposed with the aim of controlling Legionella water contamination. To date, the most effective procedures for reducing bacterial contamination have not yet been defined. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effectiveness of various disinfection procedures in order to reduce both culturable and nonculturable (NC) legionellae in different hospital water networks treated with heat, chlorine dioxide, monochloramine, and hydrogen peroxide. The temperature levels and biocide concentrations that proved to give reliable results were analyzed. In order to study the possible effects on the water pipes, we verified the extent of corrosion on experimental coupons after applying each method for 6 months. The percentage of positive points was at its lowest after treatment with monochloramine, followed by chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hyperthermia. Different selections of Legionella spp. were observed, as networks treated with chlorine-based disinfectants were contaminated mainly by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1, hyperthermia was associated with serogroups 2 to 14, and hydrogen peroxide treatment was associated mainly with non-pneumophila species. NC cells were detected only in heat-treated waters, and also when the temperature was approximately 60°C. The corrosion rates of the coupons were within a satisfactory limit for water networks, but the morphologies differed. We confirm here that chemical disinfection controls Legionella colonization more effectively than hyperthermia does. Monochloramine was the most effective treatment, while hydrogen peroxide may be a promising alternative to chlorine-based disinfectants due to its ability to select for other, less virulent or nonpathogenic species.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.